Development Gap Flashcards
standard of living
the level of wealth of people in a country or region. usually measured in gdp (gross domestic product) per capita
what is quality of life
the level of well being of people in a country or region. it can include such factors as people’s health. can be measured in terms of life expectancy
what is economic development
a measure of a country’s wealth and how it is generated (e.g agriculture is considered less economically advanced as banking)
what is human development
the access the population has to wealth, jobs, education, nutrition, health leisures and safety - as well as political and cultural freedom
what is the brandt line and what does it show
a line drawn across a map of the world with the rich in the north and poor in the south - based on GDP. north had more industrialised countries with larger, elderly population compared to south with primary industry and lower life expectancy.
what are the five categories recently suggested based on wealth
- rich industrialising countries
- oil exporting countries
- newly industrialising countries
- former centrally planned economies, previously communist
- heavily indebted poor countries
what happens with debt
- countries have borrowed large sums of money from other countries or from world organisations like the world bank
- don’t earn enough to repay the debt with interest
- money is taken from funds that should be used for development projects
problems for formerly communist countries
- russia is still considerably communist influenced
- old allies such as poland and the czech republic are becoming more like western european countries and are members of the EU
- china still is communist but is one of the fastest growing economies and has a phenomenal speed of industrialisation
oil exporting countries
- great spread of wealth
- huge amounts of money made from exporting oil
- rich businesses and companies investing their money in businesses abroad
- some uk football clubs been bought by middle eastern oil billionaires
- 2008 some invested in struggling British high street banks
- many still remain poor in these countries such as UAE and venezuela
- some profit is used for development projects so eventually everyone may benefit
what is the uk classed as
a rich industrialising country. wealthy but manufacturing industry has declined
what is the problem with 5 fold division
no division will fit all countries neatly. we need to continue to improve the methods of division to make it as useful as possible
what is gnp
how much money a country earns and a population excluding business taxes. total sum and shows overall size of economy
what is gni per capital
measures gnp plus money received from other countries minus money paid to other countries
human development index
composite measure that considers life expectancy, gni and an education index to give a value between 0 and 1, 1 being most developed
what is birth rate
number of live births per 1000 of population per year
