Development Dynamics

Question 1

Level of development

Answer 1

Refers to a country’s wealth (measured by its GDP), and its social and political progress (eg. Education, healthcare, democracy)

Question 2

GDP (PPP) per capita

Answer 2

Total amount of money made by a country in a year, divided by the number of people who live there (per capita/per person)

Question 3

(PPP) Purchasing Power Parity

Answer 3

Shows what money will buy in each country, adjusted for exchange rates. Poorer countries have lower prices, therefore $1 would buy more in a poorer country than in the UK

Question 4

Human development index (HDI)

Answer 4

HDI consists of one figure per country (the higher the better). It’s calculated using an average of 4 indicators (life expectancy, education (literacy and length of schooling), GDP per capita PPP

Question 5

Population structure

Answer 5

The number of each sex (gender) in each age group (eg. 10 - 14 ). Population. Pyramids are a good way of showing this

Question 6

Birth rate

Answer 6

Number of live births per 1000 people per year

Question 7

Death rate

Answer 7

Number of deaths per 1000 people per year

Question 8

Dependency ratio

Answer 8

Number of people that are working divided by the number of people who aren’t

Question 9

Fertility rate

Answer 9

Average number of births per woman - NOT THE SAME AS BIRTH RATE

Question 10

Infant mortality

Answer 10

Number of children who die before their first birthday

Question 11

Child mortality

Answer 11

Number of children per 1000 who die before their fifth birthday

Question 12

Life expectancy

Answer 12

Average number of years a person can expect to live

Question 13

Maternal mortality

Answer 13

Number of mothers per 100,000 who die during child birth

Question 14

HICs

Answer 14

High Income Countries

Question 15

MICs

Answer 15

Middle Income Countries

Question 16

LICs

Answer 16

Low Income Countries

Question 17

NICs

Answer 17

Newly Industrialising Countries

Question 18

RICs

Answer 18

Recently industrialising Countries

Question 19

Rostow’s Model / Theory

Answer 19

A theory by W.Rostow (1960) that Countries should pass through 5 stages of development

Question 20

Frank’s Dependancy Theory

Answer 20

A theory in opposition to Rostow’s, developed by A.Frank (1967). It is the idea that development is about 2 types of region - the core and the periphery

Question 21

Globalisation

Answer 21

Is the process by which the world is becoming increasingly interconnected as a result of massively increased trade and cultural exchange. Globalisation has increased trade of goods and services

Question 22

TNC

Answer 22

Trans national company

Question 23

FDI

Answer 23

Foreign direct investment

Question 24

IGOs

Answer 24

Inter governmental organisations provide loans

Question 25

NGO

Answer 25

Non governmental organisations such as charities or universities

Question 26

Top down development

Answer 26

Usually done in HICs and large scale. The decisions are made by large companies or the governments

Question 27

Bottom up development

Answer 27

Lower scale and mostly done in developing countries. Run by NGOs like charities and universities. More sustainable.

Question 28

Emerging country

Answer 28

Is a country with high to medium human development and recent economic growth

Question 29

Core

Answer 29

Places that are well connected and benefit from development

Question 30

Periphery

Answer 30

Places that are not well connected globally and don’t benefit from development