Development between 1951-1964

Question 1

Name the 5 reasons for dominance in the 1950s

Answer 1

1. Prosperity
2. Labour split
3. Continuation of the welfare state
4. 1955 election
5. 1959 election

Question 2

Name the 5 reasons for decline in the early 1960s

Answer 2

1. Changing opinions towards the establishment
2. Stop - go economics
3. 1961 loan from the IMF
4. Night of the Long knives in 1962
5. Profumo affair

Question 3

Name two reasons for the postwar boom

Answer 3

1. Prosperity and affluence

2. Rab Butler

Question 4

Name the 5 reasons for problems in the economy

Answer 4

1. Stop-go economics
2. Giveaway budgets
3. 1957 and 1961 financial crisis
4. Macmillan’s attitude towards the economy
5. 1961 EEC application

Question 5

What are the 4 main social developments?

Answer 5

1. Demographic change
2. Immigration
3. Violence, criminality and hooliganism
4. Education

Question 6

What are the 5 main foreign policy developments?

Answer 6

1. Decolonisation
2. Relationship with America
3. The Suez crisis of 1956
4. The wind of change
5. Europe

Question 7

Reasons for dominance: name 3 prosperity facts

Answer 7

More things bought on higher purchase

Wages went up from £8.30 to £15.35 in 61

Call and home ownership increased

Question 8

Reasons for dominance: name 3 main facts about labour problems

Answer 8

Internal split

Unilateral disarmament

CND

Question 9

Reasons for dominance: name 3 main facts about the continuation of the welfare state

Answer 9

Houses were built

Butskelism

The beveridge report

Question 10

Reasons for dominance: name 3 main facts about the 1955 election

Answer 10

Even more popular

Stop - go economics

Have the majority of 70 seats

Question 11

Reasons for dominance: name 3 main facts about the 1959 election

Answer 11

Macmillan could call the election at any time of his choosing

Prosperity

Stop – go economics

Question 12

Reasons for decline: name facts about The establishment

Answer 12

Generational change lead to people not wanting the establishment to be in charge anymore

Question 13

Reasons for decline: name the main facts about stop-go economics

Answer 13

When governments were taking away tax breaks before elections and reinstating them afterwards.

Question 14

Reasons for decline: name 2 main facts about the 1961 loan from the IMF

Answer 14

Only extremely poor and on stable countries applied for this loan

Damage to reputation and showed worsening financial situation to the world

Question 15

Reasons for decline: name 2 main facts about The night of the Long knives in 1962

Answer 15

It was clumsy and out of touch

Its undermined moral

Question 16

Reasons for decline: name the main facts about the Profumo affair 63

Answer 16

It’s discredited the government

The image of him being out of touch was reinforced

Question 17

Postwar boom: name three main facts about prosperity and affluence

Answer 17

7 million homes were built by 64

Unemployment averaged at 2%

Real wages increased

Question 18

Postwar boom: name three main facts about Rab Butler

Answer 18

Continued to maintain employment rate and growth

Expanded the welfare state

Committed to defence spending on nuclear weapons

Question 19

name 3 main facts about stop-go economics

Answer 19

Tax breaks before elections and spikes after elections

Lead to budget economic‘s which lead to high inflation between 59 and 64

Payments going up to an £800 million deficit

Question 20

Problems in economy: name 2 main facts about giveaway budgets

Answer 20

1955, Butler gave the middle class £134 million in tax cuts

1959, £370 million tax card before an election

Question 21

Problems in economy: name 2 main facts about the Financial crisis

Answer 21

1957, suez had sworn debts to £564 million. Inflation was high and there was a run on the pound

1961, overheating economy forces pay ports to hold down wage inflation. NEDC was introduced, but caused the night of the Long knives

Question 22

Problems in economy: name 2 main facts about macmillan‘s attitude towards the economy and employment

Answer 22

Did not try to fix sluggish growth and continued keynsinous policies

Unemployment was 800,000 by 63

Question 23

Problems in economy: name 3 purposes of the 1961 EEC application

Answer 23

Meant to be used industrial production for large-scale market

Meant to increase productivity and boost competition

Meant to stimulate growth by encouraging EEC expansion

Question 24

Society: name 2 main facts about demographic change

Answer 24

Ageing population

Big class divide

Question 25

Society: name 3 main facts about immigration

Answer 25

By 1958, 210,000 Commonwealth immigrants had settled in Britain

1958 Notting Hill riots

Main difficulties arose over accommodation

Question 26

Society: name 3 main facts about violence, criminality and hooliganism

Answer 26

Young people the 1st to not live during the war.

Crime dipped between 51 and 55, then rose due to the mods and rockers

Youths were unwilling to accept standards and values of the parents

Question 27

Society: name 3 main facts about education

Answer 27

1944 education act attempted provide a tripartite system

Opposition towards the 11+ exams, seen as unfair and a psychological strain

Contributed to the class divide

Question 28

Foreign Policy: name 4 main facts about decolonisation

Answer 28

Britain started to accept Imperial decline

Churchill opposed, used colonies to compete with America and for trade

Several violent nationalist uprisings

Britain believed they could gradually move from the Commonwealth until they’re ready for independence, worked until the suez crisis

Question 29

Foreign Policy: name 3 main facts about relationship with America

Answer 29

Nuclear machinery and deterrence

Conflicts, like with the Suez crisis and EEC

Very military dependent on the US at this time

Question 30

Foreign Policy: name 3 main facts about The Suez crisis

Answer 30

Opposition from America, and the Commonwealth

Destroyed Eden’s reputation as he lied to Parliament

It ended the illusion of imperialism and reinforced British dependence on the US

Question 31

Foreign Policy: name 3 main facts about The wind of change speech

Answer 31

Opposed by Empire loyalists and white settlers in Africa

Wanted to show the need for decolonisation

Mau Mau rebellion strengthened his argument

Question 32

Foreign Policy: name 3 main facts about Europe

Answer 32

Chose to ignore you up and it offers as they still thought Britain was a great empire

deGaulle rejecting EEC applications

EFTA 1959, moderately successful

Question 33

How much did the economy brew 51-64?compared to West Germany?

Answer 33

Britain: 40%

W Germany: 250%

Question 34

5 reasons for the decline of the empire?

Answer 34

Rise of Superpowers (countries)

Growth in independence movements

Economic decline

Change in political opinion

Reduces strategic role

Question 35

What was the wind in change speech?

Answer 35

It was a significant change in policy. It was the recognition of independence movements and move to decolonisation

Question 36

What is NEDC?

Answer 36

National Economic Development Council

Attempt to get economic cooperation in government