Development And Impotance Of Self-concept

Question 1

What is self-esteem:

Answer 1

Involves self-confidence and self-acceptance.

Higher self-esteem = more optimistic, better relationships , better attachments (babies).

Question 2

Development of self-esteem:

Infancy:

Answer 2

0-18months- build self-esteem by having their basic needs met. Babies become aware of being loved as their primary caregiver provides comfort, care , support and attention. This shows the infants they are safe and secure.
18m-2years- every time they learn a new skill they realise what they can achieve, and learn what they look like and where they belong.
If infants aren’t shown live they will find it difficult to develop sense of self-worth and value of themselves.

Question 3

Positive Self-esteem??

Early childhood:

Answer 3

Self-esteem is reinforced by what the child can do independently and successfully, and feedback.
Caregivers should include tasks that provide a sense of accomplishment , and encourage a child to accept failures seeing it as a learning experience.

Question 4

Negative self-esteem:

Early childhood:

Answer 4

Children can be passive, withdrawn and depressed.
Difficulty with dealing with problems.
Factors leading to low self-esteem may be difficulties with school work, bullying, no friends, stress at home.
Children with these problems may become pessimistic and easily frustrated.

Question 5

Development of Self-esteem:

Adolescence:

Answer 5

Physical and emotional changes occur during puberty.
New challenges: peer groups , gaining acceptance is very important.
Learn from mistakes and take responsibility for their actions.
Self-esteem may become fragile and change day to day.

Question 6

Low self-esteem:

Adolescence:

Answer 6

Overall concerned with physical appearance and how they are viewed.
Body image is essential.
Poor body image = low self-esteem.
Due to poor school achievements, bullying, teenage pregnancy, smoking , alcohol and drug use, depression , suicidal.

Question 7

Self-esteem:

Adulthood:

Answer 7

Self-esteem isn’t fixed and may change through life stages.
Carer development and personal achievements increase self-worth.
Stress and difficult life events result in lack of confidence and negative self-esteem.