Development And Health

Question 1

Development

Answer 1

• level of economic growth in a country or region
• process of change taking place overtime
• social and economic improvements, improve quality of life
• compare using indicators (social, economic, demographic etc. in nature)

Question 2

Disadvantages to the Brant line and first, second and third world classification

Answer 2

• over simplistic
• could not predict or describe change
• doesn’t not show what countries are developing quickly and which are behind

Question 3

Disadvantages of single indicators

Answer 3

• broad and generalised
• averages can disguise/distort internal variation
• areas may be more wealthy
• subsistence economies not included
• indicators may be irrelevant to the country

Question 4

Indicators in PQLI
Advantages
Disadvantages

Answer 4

• infant mortality, life expectancy at age one, basic literacy rate
• shows progress of the country, substitute for linked concepts for development
• overlap between infant mortality and life expectancy, mathematical formula, ignores economic factors

Question 5

Indicators in HDI

Answer 5

• adjusted income per capita
• educational attainment
• life expectancy at birth

Question 6

Physical factors that influence development

Answer 6

• climate: if it’s too hot, too dry, too wet or too cold, disease may thrive in a tropical area, droughts cause crop failure
• relief: mountains and steep slopes make it difficult to farm, live and earn a living
• natural hazards: floods, tectonic activity and droughts, income diverted to rebuild, destroys buildings and agriculture
• location: land locked, near water etc, countries may have to travel through other countries to reach the coast in order to trade
• natural resources: minerals, oil and gas, helps improve the level of development through trade

Question 7

Human factors that influence development

Answer 7

• war/conflict: civil wars, disrupts development
• political corruption: money spent on development is spent on weapons for the military or the top fees affluent life styles
• clean water/healthcare: clean water is essential for health, people can become ill and unable to work or look after family
• employment structure: % employed in agriculture, less developed countries will have a higher %
• education: higher rate of educations means more people can get higher paying jobs
• historical development: colonisation hinders development as it takes the resources and leaves the country with nothing, colonising countries are more developed

Question 8

Poverty, absolute poverty and relative poverty

Answer 8

• general scarcity of material possessions or money
• the deprivation of basic needs
• economic inequality in the society/location which people live in