Development and control of behaviour

Question 1

What does learning by associated/conditioning involve?

Answer 1

An unconditioned stimulus (food) and response (salivation), that upon an additional conditioning stimulus (bell), becomes a conditioned response

Question 2

Give some environmental influence examples that can alter behaviour/instinct

Answer 2

• Maternal environment e.g stress
• Early nutrition
• Perception
• Environment complexity
• Socialisation

Question 3

At what age is the socialisation period for puppies?

Answer 3

3-7 weeks old

Question 4

What are some adaptive features of livestock’s vision?

Answer 4

• Wide angled
• Sensitive to sudden movement
• Excellent distance vision
• Split pupil for scanning

Question 5

What is the vomeronasal organ?

Answer 5

used to detect chemical signals associated with sexual behaviour, aggression & social interaction

Question 6

Define homeostasis

Answer 6

Describes the relative stability of the body despite changes in the external
environment. This implies that the body has some means of correcting deviation, for example
with respect to temperature or fluid volume, so that balance may be restored

Question 7

What physiological and pathological changes occur in an animal in response to stress?

Answer 7

• Increased activity in autonomic nervous system
• Release of adrenalin
• Increased sweat gland activity, heart beat, breathing rate
• Hair erect
• Blood diverted to skeletal muscles