Development Across The Life Span Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Human Development

A

Scientific study of changes that occur in people as they age from conception until death.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Nature

A

The influence of our inherited characteristics on our personality, physical growth, intellectual growth, and social interactions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Nurture

A

The influence of the environment on personality, physical growth, intellectual growth and social interactions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Behavioral Genetics

A

This is the field of study where the researchers determine how much of behavior is the result of genetic inheritance and how much is due to a person’s experiences.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

DNA - Deoxyribonucleic acid

A

Special molecule that contains the genetic material of an organism.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Gene

A

Section of DNA that has a certain pattern of chemical elements.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Chromosome

A
  • Tightly wound strand of genetic material/ DNA

- Humans have 46 pairs of chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Determining traits

A
  • Dominant= refers to a gene that actively controls the expression of a trait.
  • Recessive= refers to a gene that only influences the expression of a trait.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Polygenetic Inheritance

A

This is the process by which a trait is influenced by more than one pair of genes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Chromosome Disorders

A
  • Down Syndrome = an extra chromosome on the 21st pair. Results in symptoms such as almond-shaped and wide set eyes, intellectual disability, and increased risk of organ failure.
  • Klinefelter syndrome = an extra sex chromosome is on the 23rd pair (XXY). Results in a male having reduced masculine characteristics.
  • Turner syndrome = a missing X chromosome from the XX pair. Results in females being short, infertile and sexually underdeveloped.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Fertilization and twins

A

Fertilization refers to the fusion of the ovum and the sperm.

Monozygotic twins - formed when the zygote splits into two separate masses of cells, and each develops into a separate embryo.

Dizygotic twins - formed when two egg cells get fertilized by two different sperm, resulting in the development of two zygotes in the uterus at the same time.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Germinal Period

A
  • Involves the first 2 weeks after fertilization, during which the zygote moves down to the uterus and begins to implant in the lining.

**Mitosis occurs ( divides the zygote into mass cells to eventually form the baby).

**Attachment to the uterine wall (uterus: muscular organ that will contain and protect the developing organism).

**Formation of the placenta and umbilical cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Stages of development

A

Germinal period - lasts about 2 weeks

Embryonic period - from 2 to 8 weeks

Fetal period - lasts from 8 weeks unit the end of pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Embryonic Period

A

A period of 2 to 8 weeks after fertilization, during high the major organs ad structure oof organism develops.

Developing organism now known as the embryo - heart begins to beat at the end of this period.

**critical period : a time when som environmental influences can have an impact on the developing infant.

**teratogens : any factor that can cause a birth defect.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Fetal Period

A

The time from about 8 weeks after conception until the bright of the baby.

Developing organism is now known as the fetus. (8 weeks after fertilization t the birth of the baby)

**significant weight and length development

**organ function

**development of fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Infancy and childhood development

A

Time of rapid growth and development of the motor skills, cognitive abilities and sensory systems.

  • Physical development [ motor, brain n=and sense development ]
  • Cognitive development [ schema, simulation and accommodation ]

Psychosocial development [ attachment, temperament, identity (first 4 stages) ]