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LCSW EXAM PREP > Development > Flashcards

Development Flashcards

1
Q

Freud - Psychoanalytic Theory

A

Human behavior is determined by the action and the interplay of unconscious drives: pleasure and aggression

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2
Q

Freud - Psychoanalytic Theory

Subconscious (unconscious)

A

repressed experiences and fantasies (content too overwhelming)

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3
Q

Freud - Psychoanalytic Theory

Preconscious

A

content not needed in the moment, but could be accessed - suppressed NOT repressed - “I’ll worry about that tomorrow”

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4
Q

Freud - Psychoanalytic Theory

Conscious

A

access to stimuli from the outer world, as well as, “inner events” thoughts emotions and memories - reality based functioning

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5
Q

Freud - Psychoanalytic Theory

ID, EGO, SUPEREGO

A

ID - primal desires, basic nature - your wild child
EGO - reason and self-control - your practical “grown up” self
Superego - the quest for perfection - your philosophical and spiritual ideals

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6
Q

Freud’s Psychosexual Stages of Development

A 
Oral
Anal
Phallic
Latency
Genital
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7
Q

Freud’s Psychosexual Stages of Development

Stage 1

A

Oral
Birth-1 year
point of interest = mouth
activities for gratification = sucking, chewing

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8
Q

Freud’s Psychosexual Stages of Development

Stage 2

A

Anal
1-3 years
Point of interest = anus
Activities for gratification = withholding or expelling feces

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9
Q

Freud’s Psychosexual Stages of Development

Stage 3

A

Phallic
3-6 years
point of interest=genitals
activities for gratification = fondling with genitals, masturbation

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10
Q

Freud’s Psychosexual Stages of Development

Stage 4

A

Latency
6-puberty
Point of Interest = Environment
Activities for gratification = games, play

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11
Q

Freud’s Psychosexual Stages of Development

Stage 5

A

Genital
Adolescence/Adulthood
Point of interest = opposite
activities for gratification = crushes, going steady, marriage

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12
Q

Personality Development via Psychosexual Stages: Adult Personality Types

A

Oral: infantile, demanding, dependent behavior
Preoccupation with oral gratification
Anal: stinginess, focus on accumulating and collecting
Rigidity in forms and routines
Suspiciousness
Legalistic thinking
Phallic: selfishly exploits others without out regard for needs or concerns

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13
Q

Evolution of Defense MechanismsAnna Freud

A

Unconscious attempts, by ego, to expel from consciousness sexual and aggressive impulses
Result is reduction in anxiety
Not inherently pathological; issue is their rigidity or inflexibility as it affects social functioning

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14
Q

Denial

A

Confrontation with a personal problem or with reality is avoided by denying the existence of the problem or reality

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15
Q

Projection

A

Rejects his or her own unacceptable attributes by ascribing them to others.

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16
Q

Regression

A

Resuming behaviors associated with an earlier developmental stage or level of functioning in order to avoid present anxiety.
(Ex: First born child shows bed-wetting after new sibling is born)

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17
Q

Repression

A

Keeping unwanted thoughts and feelings entirely out of awareness or consciousness.
A crucial mechanism in all neurotic behavior.
Major repression: loss of memory for specific incidents, especially traumatic ones or those associated with painful emotions (fugue state)
Minor repression: lapses of memory at significant times (introducing a well-known speaker)

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18
Q

Suppression

A

Putting out of awareness, consciously, something that is disturbing and anxiety provoking (can be helpful)

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19
Q

Displacement

A

Shifting negative feelings about one person or situation onto another

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20
Q

Intellectualization

A

Avoiding unacceptable emotions…hyper intellectual manner

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21
Q

Introjection

A

Person internalizes the beliefs of other people. (common among children and parents).When people introject, they identify with a person or object so strongly that they cannot separate that person or object from themselves.

22
Q

Identification

A

Person patterns his or her personality on that of another person, assuming the person’s qualities, characteristics, and actions.
Normal for 3- to 5-year-olds who identify with parental same-sex figures.
Resurgence in adolescence as a major task of identifying with peers.
Beyond these…it is seen as maladaptive

23
Q

Isolation of Affect

A

Splitting of thoughts from the feelings originally associated with them
Repression of feelings associated with particular content or experience
Recognizable in the person who is able to talk about things that would ordinarily make a person wince without any noticeable feeling
Ex. A doctor describing a mutilated accident victim in cool clinical terms is someone who is adaptively using isolation of affect.

24
Q

Rationalizing

A

Justifying one’s behaviors and motivations by substituting “good”, acceptable reasons for these real motivations
Ex. “I always study hard for tests and I know a lot of people who cheat so it’s not a big deal I cheated this time.”

25
Q

Undoing

A

Trying to reverse or “undo” a thought or feeling by performing an action that signifies an opposite feeling than your original thought or feeling
Ex. You have feelings of dislike for someone so you buy them a gift

26
Q

Denial

A

Not accepting reality because it is too painful.

Ex. You are arrested for drunk driving several times but don’t believe you have a problem with alcohol

27
Q

Splitting

A

Everything in the world is seen as all good or all bad with nothing in between.
Ex. You think your best friend is absolutely worthless because he forgot a lunch date with you.

28
Q

Reaction Formation

A

Involves replacing an impulse with its extreme opposite.
Often turning the forbidden wish into its opposite.
Response is often seen as excessive, “too much”
Ex. Person who feels an uncontrollable need to drink instead forbids all drinking, pickets taverns, and does everything possible to stop the entire world from drinking alcoholic beverages.

29
Q

Somatization

A

Tendency to experience and communicate psychological distress in the form ofphysical symptoms and to seek medical help for them

30
Q

Sublimation

A

Converting an impulse from a socially unacceptable aim to a socially acceptable one (aggression…football)

31
Q

Major Ego Functions

A 
Reality Testing
Judgement 
Sense of Identity
Impulse Control
Interpersonal (Object) relations
Regulation of Thought Processes
Regression in Service of the Ego
Defensive Functioning
Stimulus Regulation
Synthetic-Integrative Function
Autonomous Functioning
32
Q

Major Ego Functions

Reality Testing

A

Accurate perception of the external environment, one’s internal world and of the differences between them.
Is the client oriented to time, place, and person?
Is there evidence of a thought disorder (hallucinations, delusions, loose associations)?

33
Q

Major Ego Functions

Judgment

A

Capacity to identify courses of action by anticipating and weighing consequences of behavior
Critical for effective problem solving

34
Q

Major Ego Functions

Sense of Identity

A

Coherent physical and psychological sense of self.

35
Q

Major Ego Functions

Impulse Control

A

Ability to distinguish between primary (drives or impulses) and secondary (planned) mental processes

36
Q

Major Ego Functions

Interpersonal (Object) Relations

A

Development of one’s internalized sense of self and of others
Ability to manage relationships appropriately toward goal achievement
Ability to see other people as unique rather than replications of significant others from our past

37
Q

Major Ego Functions

Regulation of Thought Processes

A

Capacity to perceive, attend to stimuli, concentrate, anticipate, symbolize, remember and reason in order to undertake appropriate action
Communicates thought clearly through language
Thinking and speaking are organized, logical, oriented to reality rather than fragmented and irrational

38
Q

Major Ego Functions

Regression in Service of the Ego

A

An ability to permit oneself to relax, without guilt. (Example…mental health day)
To experience aspects of self that are not ordinarily based on current reality
Can emerge with increased adaptive capacity

39
Q

Major Ego Functions

Defensive Functioning

A

automatic psychological processing that protects against anxiety or fear. (example…humor)
Do they seem to be adaptive or a source of conflict for the client?

40
Q

Major Ego Functions

Stimulus Regulation

A

Regulating the amount of stimulation received so that it is optimal: neither too little nor too great.
Can the client screen and select external stimuli to maintain a focus on relevant life concerns?
Does the client tend to become overwhelmed or underwhelmed?

41
Q

Major Ego Functions

Synthetic-Integrative Function

A

Capacity to organize mental processes into a coherent form. Responsible for personality integration, resolution of splits, fragmentations, and conflicting tendencies within the personality

42
Q

Major Ego Functions

Autonomous Functioning

A

Degree of freedom from impairment of primary autonomous capabilities
Sight, hearing, language, motor function, intelligence, memory, learning; capacity to maintain attention, concentration
These functions are autonomous from the drives, conflict free, and do not arise in response to frustration and conflict

43
Q

Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial development

A

Mastering the development crises of each stage allows for psychological adaption and growth - Impact of Environment and culture

44
Q

Erikson, Issue to Resolve

Trust vs. Mistrust

A

birth - 1 year, infancy

If needs are dependably met, infants develop a sense of basic trust

45
Q

Erikson, Issue to Resolve

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt

A

1-3. toddlerhood

Toddlers learn to exercise their will and do things for themselves. or they doubt their abilities

46
Q

Erikson, Issue to Resolve

Initiative vs. guilt

A

3-6, preschool

preschoolers learn to initiate tasks and carry out plans, or they feel guilty about their efforts to be independent

47
Q

Erikson, Issue to Resolve

competency vs. inferiority

A

6-puberty, elementary school

children learn the pleasure of applying themselves to tasks, or they feel inferior

48
Q

Erikson, Issue to Resolve

Identity vs. role confusion

A

Adolescence
Teenagers work at refining a sense of self by testing roles
and them integrating them to form a single identity, or they become confused about who they are

49
Q

Erikson, Issue to Resolve

intimacy vs. isolation

A

early 20’s-40’s
young adults work to form close relationships and to gain the capacity for intimate love, or they feel socially isolated - this one is built on the previous stages

50
Q

Erikson, Issue to Resolve

generativity vs. stagnation

A

40’s-60’s
In middle age, people discover a sense of contributing to the world, usually through family and work, or they may feel a lack of purpose

51
Q

Erikson, Issue to Resolve

Integrity vs. despair

A

Mid 60’s and up

reflecting on his or her life, an older adult may feel a sense of satisfaction or failure

LCSW EXAM PREP (3 decks)

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