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pediatric Boards > development > Flashcards

development Flashcards

0
Q

When does birthweight double?

A

5 months

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1
Q

How much of birthweight does a newborn lose and when is it regained?

A

Average loss of 10% and should regain by 3rd week

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2
Q

What is the average height of a newborn?

A

50 cm

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3
Q

When does birth length double? When does it triple?

A

Age 4

Age 13

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4
Q

What happens to birth length by age 1?

A

Goes up by 50%

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5
Q

What is the average head circumference of a full term newborn?

A

35 cm

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6
Q

What is the normal growth of head circumference for the first 12 months ?

A

1 cm per month until 6 months old

1/2 cm per month until 12 months old

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7
Q

What is macrocephaly?

A

Head at 98th% - considered normal

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8
Q

What is hydrocephaly?

A

Large head since birth with signs of neurological problem

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9
Q

What is the definition of microcephaly?

A

> 3 standard deviations below the mean

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10
Q

What are 4 major organic causes of failure to thrive?

A

Chronic renal failure
Metabolic disorder
Inadequate absorption
Inadequate utilization

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11
Q

What is the appropriate growth per year in children over age 1?

A

5cm/year

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12
Q

What are the 3 most common causes of intellectual disability?

A

Fetal alcohol syndrome
Fragile x syndrome
Down syndrome

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13
Q

What are the IQ scores in patients with severe intellectual disability?

A

<34

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14
Q

What are the IQ scores for mild and moderate intellectual disability?

A

Mild 50-69

Moderate 35-49

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15
Q

What is the condition in which a child has normal development until age 1 and then regresses?

A

Rett syndrome

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16
Q

Up until what age is it normal for a child to have difficulty pronouncing certain consonants?

A

Age 6

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17
Q

What should you do for an 18 month old with language delay?

A

Hearing test then referral to speech

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18
Q

Up until what age is letter reversal normal?

A

Age 7

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19
Q

When should a child know how to read simple words?

A

End of first grade

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20
Q

What two types of medications can alter school performance ?

A

Anticonvulsants

Antihistamines

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21
Q

What should you consider in a patient with normal IQ but below normal scores on achievement testing?

A

Specific learning disability

22
Q

What should be the first consideration in a patient with poor school performance?

A

Medical conditions or emotional issues

23
Q

An infant is cooing and lifts head and shoulders off bed…how old is he?

A

2 months

24
Q

When should head lag disappear?

A

5 months

25
Q

When does Moro reflex disappear?

A

3-6 months

26
Q

A child can roll from prone to supine and laughs, how old is he?

A

4 months

27
Q

A child turns directly to a voice and rolls both directions, how old is he?

A

6 months

28
Q

A child responds to his name and plays peek a boo, how old is he?

A

9 months

29
Q

A child can say mama specifically and points for requests a what age?

A

Age 1

30
Q

At what age should a child be able to point to a body part and scribble?

A

15 months

31
Q

at what age can a child point to show interest?

A

18 months

32
Q

How many words should an 18 Month old know?

A

10-20

33
Q

What age can a child throw a ball?

A

18 months

34
Q

At what age does a patient have 50% intelligible speech?

A

2 years

35
Q

How many blocks can a 2 year old stack?

A

6

36
Q

At what age can a child copy a circle?

A

Age 3

37
Q

At what age should speech be 100% understandable ?

A

4 y/I

38
Q

What developmental level would you expect a 30 week old premie to be at 8 weeks of age?

A

Full term baby ( not a 2 month old )

39
Q

How many cubes should a child be able the stack at 18 months, 24 months and 36 months?

A

2-3 cubes
4-6 cubes
8 cubes

40
Q

If a child is unable to walk independently, by what age should you intervene?

A

18 months

41
Q

If a child can not speak a single word, at what age should you intervene?

A

2 years old

42
Q

If a child does not turn to sound, at what age should you intervene?

A

6 months

43
Q

At what age do you need to intervene if a child is not sitting ?

A

9 months

44
Q

At what age should a child be able to speak in 3 word sentences?

A

36 months

45
Q

When should stuttering require a workup?

A

Only if facial tics and, if child older then age 4 or if persists >2 months

46
Q

During what ages is head banging normal?

A

8 months to 4 years

47
Q

What should be done if a preschool aged child is masterbating?

A

Nothing. This is considered normal unless the child is imitating sexual activity

48
Q

What is the definition of a phobia ?

A

Excessive anxiety that interferes with daily function >6 months

49
Q

What 7 things should be ruled out in a patient who presents with signs of ADHD?

A 
Visual/hearing deficit
Iron deficiency/anemia
Lead toxicity
Hyperthyroidism
CNS infection/head trauma
Meds: anti epileptics/antihistamine 
Fragile X or fetal alcohol syndrome
50
Q

What type of neuro imaging should be done in the workup for ADHD?

A

None - unless neurological concerns

51
Q

When are drug holidays necessary in children on stimulants ?

A

Never

52
Q

How can you distinguish a tic vs choreiform movements?

A

Tics are repetitive and improve with purposeful movements

Choreiform movements do not follow a pattern and increase during purposeful movements

pediatric Boards (23 decks)

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