development Flashcards
what is development?
systematic progression of an individuals capabilities and behaviour
what is growth?
physical changes of an individual
true or false- all children follow a similar pattern of development
true
give an example of growth
height and weight
what is growth dependent on?
genetic makeup (biological)
true or false- children all grow at the same rate
false
name all 7 principles of development
- hereditary and environment
- cephalocaudal and proximodistal
- simple to complex
- rate of growth and development
- critical periods
- predictable sequence
- laying foundations
name all 4 domains of development
- physical
- social/emotional
- cognitive
- language
what is cephalocaudal development?
development from the head down to the feet, head first, feet last
what is proximodistal development?
development from the centre of the body, outwards
explain simple to complex
simple skills need to be developed before complex skills can be developed
give an example of simple to complex development
babies need to learn to crawl before they can learn to walk and walk before they can run
give an example of critical periods
chewing needs to be learnt between 9-12 months, if not learnt, baby will refuse solid foods
true or false- majority of children follow the same sequence of development
true
up until what age do children brains grow rapidly?
birth to 8 years old
explain the physical development domain
measurable development such as increases in height or weight
explain gross motor skills
the movement of large muscles such as legs, arms, torso, back which allows us to do physicals such as walking, running and jumping
explain fine motor skills
small body movements such as those in hands, wrists and fingers which allows us to do small skills such as brushing teeth, zipping up and turning a doorknob
explain the social/emotional domain
how children interact with each other, form relationships, express their emotions and manage others emotions
give an example of a child developing socially/emotionally
taking turns, regulating their emotions, sharing, apologising, developing friendships, having empathy
explain cognitive development
how children think, explore and figure things out using problem solving skills
give an example of a child developing cognitvely
process thoughts, develop memories, pay attention, understand their surroundings, create and develop plans
explain language development
childs ability to both understand what is being communicated and to express themselves verbally
what principle does the physical domain relate to
hereditary and environmental
example of relation between physical domain and hereditary and environmental principle
a child being born into athletic family, athletic genes and athletic surroundings
what principles does the social/emotional domain relate to
rate of growth and development and environmental
example of relation between social/emotional domain and rate of growth and development and environmental principle
a child being raised in a neighbourhood without any other children, will be introverted
what principle does the cognitive domain relate to
cephalocaudal and proxiomdistal and laying foundations
example of relation between cognitive domain and cephalocaudal/proximodistal and laying foundations principles
children born with defects will not grow and develop properly, children will not lay the foundations needed to grow and develop
