Development Flashcards
What are social indicators?
Social indicators are measures that reflect the quality of life and well-being of people in a community.
What are development indicators?
Development indicators are statistics that provide information about the economic and social development of a country or region.
What is the geography of development?
The geography of development examines how wealth and quality of life vary across different places on Earth.
What are High Income Countries (HICs)?
High Income Countries (HICs) are nations with a high gross national income per capita.
What are Low Income Countries (LICs)?
Low Income Countries (LICs) are nations with a low gross national income per capita.
What is the Human Development Index (HDI)?
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite measure that combines economic and social indicators into one figure.
What is the Happy Planet Index (HPI)?
The Happy Planet Index (HPI) is an alternative measure that ranks countries based on the happiness of their citizens.
What is long-term aid?
Long-term aid refers to assistance provided to support sustainable development over an extended period.
What is emergency aid?
Emergency aid is immediate assistance provided in response to crises or disasters.
What is bilateral aid?
Bilateral aid is assistance given directly from one country to another.
What is short-term aid?
Short-term aid is assistance provided for a limited duration to address immediate needs.
What is voluntary aid?
Voluntary aid is assistance that is provided on a voluntary basis, often from non-governmental organizations.
What is bottom-up development?
Bottom-up development is an approach that emphasizes local participation and grassroots initiatives.
What is multilateral aid?
Multilateral aid is assistance provided by multiple countries or organizations, typically through international institutions.
What is food aid?
Food aid is assistance provided in the form of food supplies to those in need.
What is tied aid?
Tied aid is assistance that is contingent upon the recipient country purchasing goods or services from the donor country.
What is top-down development?
Top-down development is an approach where decisions and initiatives are made by higher authorities without local input.
What is sustainable development?
Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
What is a non-governmental organization (NGO)?
A non-governmental organization (NGO) is a non-profit group that operates independently of government influence.
What is the dependency ratio?
Calculates the proportion of people who are unable to work, usually the youngest and oldest members of a society.
What does Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measure?
Measures the wealth or income of a country, representing the total value of goods and services produced by a country in a year.
What is Gross National Product (GNP)?
Total value of all goods and services produced in a country in a year, along with income from abroad.
What defines a High Income Country (HIC)?
A country that has a high level of development based on economic indicators such as gross domestic product.
What is the Human Development Index (HDI)?
A statistical index used to rank the human development of countries on a scale between 0 and 1, covering life expectancy, education, and living standards.
What does it mean to be indebted?
Having a high level of money owing.
What is infrastructure?
The basic structures needed for an area to function, such as roads and communications.
What does it mean for a country to be landlocked?
A country which is totally surrounded by land or whose coastline surrounds a closed sea.
What defines a Low Income Country (LIC)?
A country that has low levels of development based on economic indicators such as gross domestic product.
What is the primary sector?
Involves extracting raw materials, rearing animals, and growing crops.
What is quality of life?
The wellbeing of a person or a group of people.
What are shanty towns?
Large settlements consisting of very poor quality housing.
What is the secondary sector?
A type of industry where raw materials are made into something, often called ‘manufacturing’.
What is the standard of living?
The amount of wealth or personal comfort that a person or group of people have.
What does sustainable mean?
An activity which does not consume or destroy resources or the environment.
What is the tertiary sector?
Providing services, including retail, tourism, education, health, and banking.
