Development Flashcards
3 Main Aspects of Development
- Economic
- Social
- Environmental
Important qualities of Development
- It always involved change
- The process that happens over time
- Progress/improvements affecting people’s lives
Development Indicators
- Diet
- Types of jobs
- Infant mortality
- Population growth
- Exports
- People per doctor
- Life expectancy
- Housing
- Energy
- Literacy levels
- GDP %
Types of jobs
Economic
LDC: the majority of people are involved in the primary sector (usually farming)
MDC: the majority of people are involved in secondary and tertiary activities with a rapidly growing quaternary sector.
Infant mortality
Social
LDC: high IMR (because of bad health care/no doctors/nurses/vaccines: lack of education/resources) plus high number of children under 5 who die.
MDC: low IMR (good health care, educated doctors/nurses available, many vaccines: have resources/income) not many children deaths under 5.
Population Growth
Social
LDC: large families, rapid population growth (can double in less than 30 years). Want their children to work for them/help with work: free labour
MDC: slow population growth (people have smaller families). Understand the costs of having more children, access to contraception, gender equality
Exports
Economic
LDC: export unprocessed raw materials
MDC: export large amounts of manufactured goods
People per doctor
Social
LDC: large numbers of people per doctor (approximately 3000)
MDC: fewer people per doctor (approximately 500)
Life expectancy
Social
LDC: often under 45 years
MDC: usually over 70 years. Women tend to live longer than men, no average
Housing
Social/economic
LDC: often temporary houses, can be informal, with very few facilities
MDC: housing is of a high standard and most have electricity, water, sewerage and waste disposal
Energy
Economic
LDC: low levels of energy consumption, people use wood/gas/paraffin/solar cookers
MDC: high levels of energy consumption, MEDC’s use 80% of world energy supply. Many electrical appliances in and around the home, private motor vehicles, all with a reliance on fossil fuels
Literacy levels
Social
LDC: few have formal education so few can read and write
MDC: high literacy levels, majority of population can read and write, and are educated beyond 16 years of age
GDP per capita
Main Economic
LDC: low personal person GDP. Many people live below the breadline, some existing on $1/day
MDC: high per person GDP
GDP per capita
Main Economic
LDC: low personal person GDP. Many people live below the breadline, some existing on $1/day
MDC: high per person GDP
Primary sector
Includes people dealing directly with RAW materials from earth, e.g. farming, fishing, forestry, mining/hunting
