Development Flashcards
What are causes of SN hearing loss in infants
(Genetic and infection)
Genetic = waardenburg, alport and pendred
Infection- CMV and Rubella
Classic triad of congenital rubella syndrome
Congenital heart disease: pulmonary artery stenosis and patent ductus arteriosus
Sensioneural hearing loss
Eye abnormalities- congenital cataracts, glaucoma and retinopathy
Most common cause of congenital SN hearing loss
Cytomegalovirus
What are the TORCH infections
Toxoplasma gondii
Others (treponema pallidum, VZV, HIV
Rubella
Cytomegalovirus
Herpes Simplex virus
Symptoms of TORCH infection
Microcephaly
Blueberry muffin rash
Jaundice
Hepatosplenomegaly
Lethargy
Seizures
SN HL
Treatment of congenital CMV
Ganciclovir
Valganciclovir
What type of test is the new born hearing test
Automated otoscoustic emission test
Done ideally first 4-5 weeks and can be done up to 3 months
What kind of hearing test are done in kids
Automated otoacoustic emissions
Auditory brain stem evoke potential (2nd line)
Distraction test
Speech discrimination
Pure tone audiometers
When is delayed walking a red flag
18 months
How is duchenne muscular dystrophy inherited
X linked recessive
What muscles are affected first in DMD
Hips, buttocks, calves and thighs
What is a positive Gowers test
Boy uses his hand to stand up from a prone position
What spinal issues are seen in DMD
Lumbar hyperlordosis
Scoliosis
What blood test can be ordered for DMD
Creatine kinase will be high as a marker of muscle breakdown
What 3 things should we expect a 3 month old baby to do
Head control
Fix and follow
Smile
At what age is the limit for a child being able to walk
18 months
Should be able to cruise around furniture at 10 mo ths
At the what age should a baby be able to sit without support
9 months
At what age should a baby reach out for toys
6 months
At what age should a baby transfer toys fro, 1 hand to another
9 momths
At what age should a baby have started to babble by
6 months
How is SMA inherited
Autosomal recessive
Codes for SMN protein, so loss of LMN
What motor neurone lesion presentation is seen in SMA
LMN, so fasciuclation, hypotonia, reduced muscle bulk and reduced or absent reflexes
