Development

Question 1

what is development

Answer 1

is change for the better and a measure of what a country is like

Question 2

HDI

Answer 2

human development index

Question 3

GNI

Answer 3

gross national income

Question 4

GDP ( gross domestic product )

Answer 4

the total amount of goods and services produced in a country per year, measured per person (average)

Question 5

HDI ( human development index )

Answer 5

an index that combines 3 variables : GDP per capita, life expectancy, education (literacy and length of schooling) and produces a number between 1 and 0, the closer to 1 the better it is

Question 6

poverty

Answer 6

is the state of being very poor

Question 7

absolute poverty

Answer 7

people living on less than $2 per day (£1.50) or less

Question 8

relative poverty

Answer 8

people who lack the income to afford the lifestyle that is customary of the country

Question 9

the development gap

Answer 9

is the difference between the world’s wealthiest people and the world’s poorest people

Question 10

what does the development gap show

Answer 10

80% of the world’s wealth is shared by 20% of the worlds population and the worlds 10 richest people are wealthier than the poorest 57 countries put together

Question 11

factors that affect development :
geography

Answer 11

if a country is landlocked they will find it harder to trade therefore worsening the economy (CHAD)

Question 12

factors that affect development :
disease

Answer 12

if a country has deadly diseases more people die so there is a reduction in productivity, discouraging investment (CAMEROON)

Question 13

factors that affect development :
history

Answer 13

european colonial powers exploited land and the people they ruled so they forced unfair trades to get more money (SOUTH AFRICA)

Question 14

factors that affect development :
corruption

Answer 14

if a government is corrupt, you can’t create an environment that encourages international investment and aid so there will be a reduction in development (CONGO)

Question 15

factors that affect development :
rural isolation

Answer 15

if a large percentage of the population lives in remote rural areas it makes development difficult so resulting in poor infrastructure which makes it very hard to buy or sell goods (BANGLADESH)

Question 16

primary products

Answer 16

many poor countries export mainly primary products which have low values therefore these countries receive much less money for exports and so have lower wages (KENYA)

Question 17

gender equalities

Answer 17

countries where women are excluded from the workplace or education and are expected to remain in the household tend to be less developed, resulting in a smaller, less capable workforce (ZAMBIA)

Question 18

ecological footprints

Answer 18

is a measurement of how many natural resources a country consumes and how mant planets would be required to support the world if every country consumed that amount

Question 19

top down development

Answer 19

development driven by national governments and trans national cooperations (TNC’s ). usually these are expensive, large scale projects the benefit of which are expected to trickle down to the population

Question 20

bottom up development

Answer 20

small scale schemes, often funded by charities and local people, planned and controlled by local communities and specific to the needs of their local area