Development Flashcards
What factors improve people’s quality of life?
technological
-tech such as mobile phones provide information and communication tools for local people, improving business and well-being
food security
- pesticides and fertilisers have improved crop yield so people have better access to food
- people are healthier and can work and earn money
education
- helps a country develop
- if students recieve better qualifications it’s more likely that they will get higher paid jobs
- contributing to the economy
cultural
-some beliefs and traditions such as women staying at home rather than working prevents a country from developing
What are the disadvantages of a chloropleth map?
- colours are difficult to decipher as they are similar
- hide variation within a country that is shaded
Describe climate and how it affects development globally
- countries with average rainfall and moderate temperatures are able to support their populations with the food they produce (more likely to be a developed country)
- countries with more extreme weather and harsh climate means crops die and the population cannot be fed (more likely to be a developing country)
describe natural resources and how they affect development
-resources such as minerals and fossil duels help a country develop as the sales bring income into the country
- a developed country is more likely to be rich in these resources allowing them to make more sales
- a developing country is less likely to have much of these resources so sales aren’t high
Describe natural hazards and how it affects development globally?
natural hazards such as hurricanes and droughts aren’t as common in developed country. so money isn’t regularly diverted at recovery, it can be spent on development instead. a developed country would also be much more prepared so there would be less impact
they are more common in developing countries s0 money is often spent on recovery. this slows down the developement of healthcare and other services. much less prepared so there is a bigger impact
Describe politics and how it affects development
-a developing country is much more likely to be at war and/or have an unstable government (and be overthrown). this means money is spent on military weapons rather than development. government is more likely to be corrupted so money is diverted to the elite instead of the country.
a developed country is more likely to have a stable government and less corruption. money is fairly spent on the development of the country
Describe factors affecting development in the UK?
- north and west are more mountainous so it’s harder to build
- the midlands and North/South wales are more developed due to natural resources such as coal
- south is flatter so easier to build on- aids development and urban areas are built here
- seat of government is in the south-east of london. this attracts businesses as they can find out about decisions quickly
- the south and east have a better climate so they are more pleasant to live in. there are also closer communication links to europe, compaines want to locate here.
- most FDI goes to London but companies are encourages to invest elsewhere. companies located in london can trade more easily as all roads lead to the centre of the london
Describe the distribution of wages in the UK
- highest wages are in the south east
- for example in westminister north, the average wage is £39,745 annually.
- the lowest wages are are in the north.
- for example the lowest wage is £14,743 which is in Dwyfor Meirionnydd
Define development gap
-the difference in income and quality of life between the richest and poorest countries
Impact of uneven development
access to housing:
developed country- houses with fresh water supply and sanitation
developing country- large percentage in poor-quality houses (slums and shanty towns) without running water or sanitation
education:
developed country-more accessible and there’s access to technology. average years of schooling is 12 years. capped at 30 students per classroom
developing country- overcrowded and averages 6 years. not much access to technology
employment:
developed country- more people in working in the formal economy and tertiary sector. this means more people are paying taxes which goes to the government to aid development
developing country- more people in the informal economy so not paying tax. this slows down development. more people in the primary sector
technology
developed country- better access and more investment in technology
developing country- poorer access and less investment in technology, hindering development
food and water security
developed country-more water, more secure and more food
developing country- poorer and less secure access
Multilateral aid
multilateral aid is when a group of countries help one country. this is often organised by an international organisation.
world bank, UN
the world bank has 13,000 projects in 173 countries
pros-
- large scale
- support provided for those in need
- makes global difference
cons-
- may become reliant on aid
- some countries donate more than others
Bilateral aid
bilateral aid is when one country helps another country.
an example is how China invested in Lesotho’s roads and healthcare.
pros
-quality of life has improved and life expectancy has risen
cons
-strings attached
Short term aid
short term aid is supported provided after a disaster
an example is when the UK donated £5.3 million during the Nepal earthquake
pros
-prevents more loss of life
cons
-doesn’t help a country recover
Long-term aid
long term aid is support provided to encourage a country to develop, leading to economic growth and improvement of standard of living
an example is water aid which helps to provide clean water for everyone
pros -reduces spread of disease -people can work harder which leads to economic growth cons -help may take a while to be felt
What is an international agreement?
A deal between two countries.
