Development Flashcards
What is GDP
The monetary value of all goods and services over a specific time
What is GNP
This is calculated using GDP plus income and expenditure from foreign countries
What is HDI
Composite statistic, including life expectancy at birth, means years of schooling, expected years of schooling and gross national income per capita
Life expectancy
The average number of years a person in a country is expected to live
Birth rate
The number of live births per thousand population per year
Death rate
The number of deaths per thousand people per year
Adult literacy rate
The percentage of people aged over 15 who can read and write
Number of doctors per 1000 people
The number of people for each doctor in a country
Single statistics
A factor which measures one aspect of development. E.g GDP
Composite statics
A number made up of a variety of different single statics. E.g HDI
Definition of development
The use of resources ro improve the standard of living of a nation
Important aspects of development
Freedom of speech Gender equality Food+water availability Sanity Access to tech Economic structure Unemployment Environmental sustainability Greenhouse gas emissions
What type of factor are natural hazards? Examples of country that suffer it and what are the effects
Physical environmental factor
INDONESIA- suffer yearly from earthquakes, tsunamis and volcanic eruptions. Stops country from developing
JAPAN- suffer from disasters such as typhoons but know how to handle it (more developed)
What type of factor is location and connectivity and what is it? Examples
Physical factor
Affects poverty. e.g- when living on an island from a main continent there are less sources available
Micronesia: (low GDP) is a small island in the middle of the pacific
Germany: (high GDP) in the middle of Europe
Which type of factor is climate (agriculture)? Why does it influence poverty?
Physical factor
It influences poverty because fertile lands may be affected by harsh climate and resulting droughts (crops cant be produced) and droughts can shrink food supplies
What type of factor is climate (disease)? How does poverty influence this?
Physical factor
Poverty influences this as no vaccinations or healthcare are available
What type of factor are good institutions? And why is it that factor? How does it influence poverty? Examples
Political factor as the government pays for it and schools are the number 1 priority
It influences poverty because of their’s better facilities, the better living standards
MALAWI: bad institutions
JAPAN: good institutions
INDIA: based on economy for education
Which factor are Historical factors? Which are the negative impacts and the positive impacts?
How did the industrial revolution help to develop the world?
Political factors
Negative impact: when europeans provided firearms amongst trade goods (increased political instability and warfare in Africa)
Positive impact: people started to take risks and build factories in UK (lead to UK now being extremely powerful and respected country
Industrial revolution increased wealth, production of goods and standard of living
Which factor is trade? What is trade? Examples
Mostly political factor
A constant exchange of products and money giving a huge possibility of gaining money to the one involved
CHINA: biggest trading country
SPAIN: little trade countries as its economy is based in other economical factors
Which factor are natural resources? Why are they important? Why is it bad to depend in fossil fuels?
Physical factor
More natural resources= usually more developed
Fossil fuels are a non-renewable resource and can affect the environment
What does MEDC stand for?
More economically developed country
What does LEDC stand for?
Less economically developed countries
How can a country develop fast? (6)
They have strong and stable governments which welcomes foreign direct investments from multinational companies by: export and trade, strong education systems, investment in infrastructure, attractive policies for other companies and less strict laws
What else helps countries develop?
They have skilled but relatively cheap workforce and good geographical location, eg trade routs
All this leads to a switch from low-value agricultural to higher-value manufacturing and service
Profits can be invested in other industries or institution (healthcare, education)
