DEV PSYCH Flashcards
Scientific study of processes of change and stability throughout the human life span.
Human Development
Concept of human development as a lifelong process, which can be studied scientifically.
life-span development
Growth of body and brain, including patterns of change in sensory capacities, motor skills, and health.
Physical Development
Pattern of change in mental abilities, such as learning, attention, memory, language, thinking, reasoning, and creativity.
cognitive development
(1) Pattern of change in emotions, personality, and social relationships.
(2) In Erikson’s eight-stage theory, the socially and culturally influenced process of development of the ego, or self.
psychosocial development
A concept or practice that may appear natural and obvious to those who accept it but that in reality is an invention of a particular culture or society.
social construction
Differences in characteristics, influences, or developmental outcomes.
individual differences
Inborn traits or characteristics inherited
from the biological parents
heredity
Totality of nonhereditary, or experiential, influences on development.
environment
Unfolding of a natural sequence of
physical and behavioral changes.
maturation
Two-generational kinship, economic, and household unit consisting of one or two parents and their biological children, adopted children, or stepchildren.
nuclear family
Multigenerational kinship network of parents, children, and other relatives, sometimes living together in an extended-family household.
extended family
Family structure in which one spouse, most commonly a man, is married to more than one partner
polygamy
Combination of economic and social factors describing an individual or family, including income, education, and occupation.
socioeconomic status (SES)
Conditions that increase the likelihood of a negative developmental outcome.
risk factors
A society’s or group’s total way of life, including customs, traditions, beliefs, values, language, and physical products—all learned behavior, passed on from parents to children.
culture
A culture in which people tend to prioritize personal goals ahead of collective goals and to view themselves as distinct individuals.
Individualistic Culture
A culture in which people tend to prioritize collaborative social goals ahead of individual goals and to view themselves in the context of their social relationships.
Collectivistic Culture
A group united by ancestry, race, religion, language, or national origins, which contribute to a sense of shared identity.
Ethnic Group
Ethnic groups with national or cultural traditions different from the majority of the population.
Ethnic Minorities
An analytic framework focused on how a person’s multiple identities combine to create differences in privilege or discrimination.
intersectionality
A political and social movement focused on eliminating racially based violence against Black people through nonviolent protest and activism.
Black Lives Matter
Acronym standing for Black, indigenous and people of color.
BIPOC
A grouping of humans distinguished by their outward physical characteristics or social qualities from other groups. Not a
biological construct.
Race
Overgeneralization about an ethnic or cultural group that obscures differences within the group.
ethnic gloss
Characteristic of an event that occurs in a similar way for most people in a group.
normative
A group of people strongly influenced by a major historical event during their formative period.
historical generation
A group of people born at about the same time.
cohort
Characteristic of an unusual event that happens to a particular person or a typical event that happens at an unusual time of life
nonnormative
nstinctive form of learning in which,
during a critical period in early development, a young animal forms an attachment to the first moving object it sees, usually the mother.
imprinting
Specific time when a given event or its absence has a specific impact on
development.
critical period
(1) Range of modifiability of performance.
(2) Modifiability, or “molding,” of
the brain through experience.
plasticity
Times in development when a person is particularly open to certain kinds of experiences.
sensitive periods
The Life-Span Developmental
Approach
(1) development is lifelong,
(2) development is multidimensional,
(3) development is multidirectional
(4) the relative influences of biology and culture shift over the life span, (5) development involves
changing resource allocations,
(6) development shows
plasticity, and
(7) development is influenced by the historical and cultural context.
