DEV PSYCH

Question 1

Scientific study of processes of change and stability throughout the human life span.

Answer 1

Human Development

Question 2

Concept of human development as a lifelong process, which can be studied scientifically.

Answer 2

life-span development

Question 3

Growth of body and brain, including patterns of change in sensory capacities, motor skills, and health.

Answer 3

Physical Development

Question 4

Pattern of change in mental abilities, such as learning, attention, memory, language, thinking, reasoning, and creativity.

Answer 4

cognitive development

Question 5

(1) Pattern of change in emotions, personality, and social relationships.
(2) In Erikson’s eight-stage theory, the socially and culturally influenced process of development of the ego, or self.

Answer 5

psychosocial development

Question 6

A concept or practice that may appear natural and obvious to those who accept it but that in reality is an invention of a particular culture or society.

Answer 6

social construction

Question 7

Differences in characteristics, influences, or developmental outcomes.

Answer 7

individual differences

Question 8

Inborn traits or characteristics inherited
from the biological parents

Answer 8

heredity

Question 9

Totality of nonhereditary, or experiential, influences on development.

Answer 9

environment

Question 10

Unfolding of a natural sequence of
physical and behavioral changes.

Answer 10

maturation

Question 11

Two-generational kinship, economic, and household unit consisting of one or two parents and their biological children, adopted children, or stepchildren.

Answer 11

nuclear family

Question 12

Multigenerational kinship network of parents, children, and other relatives, sometimes living together in an extended-family household.

Answer 12

extended family

Question 13

Family structure in which one spouse, most commonly a man, is married to more than one partner

Answer 13

polygamy

Question 14

Combination of economic and social factors describing an individual or family, including income, education, and occupation.

Answer 14

socioeconomic status (SES)

Question 15

Conditions that increase the likelihood of a negative developmental outcome.

Answer 15

risk factors

Question 16

A society’s or group’s total way of life, including customs, traditions, beliefs, values, language, and physical products—all learned behavior, passed on from parents to children.

Answer 16

culture

Question 17

A culture in which people tend to prioritize personal goals ahead of collective goals and to view themselves as distinct individuals.

Answer 17

Individualistic Culture

Question 18

A culture in which people tend to prioritize collaborative social goals ahead of individual goals and to view themselves in the context of their social relationships.

Answer 18

Collectivistic Culture

Question 19

A group united by ancestry, race, religion, language, or national origins, which contribute to a sense of shared identity.

Answer 19

Ethnic Group

Question 20

Ethnic groups with national or cultural traditions different from the majority of the population.

Answer 20

Ethnic Minorities

Question 21

An analytic framework focused on how a person’s multiple identities combine to create differences in privilege or discrimination.

Answer 21

intersectionality

Question 22

A political and social movement focused on eliminating racially based violence against Black people through nonviolent protest and activism.

Answer 22

Black Lives Matter

Question 23

Acronym standing for Black, indigenous and people of color.

Answer 23

BIPOC

Question 24

A grouping of humans distinguished by their outward physical characteristics or social qualities from other groups. Not a
biological construct.

Answer 24

Race

Question 25

Overgeneralization about an ethnic or cultural group that obscures differences within the group.

Answer 25

ethnic gloss

Question 26

Characteristic of an event that occurs in a similar way for most people in a group.

Answer 26

normative

Question 27

A group of people strongly influenced by a major historical event during their formative period.

Answer 27

historical generation

Question 28

A group of people born at about the same time.

Answer 28

cohort

Question 29

Characteristic of an unusual event that happens to a particular person or a typical event that happens at an unusual time of life

Answer 29

nonnormative

Question 30

nstinctive form of learning in which,
during a critical period in early development, a young animal forms an attachment to the first moving object it sees, usually the mother.

Answer 30

imprinting

Question 31

Specific time when a given event or its absence has a specific impact on
development.

Answer 31

critical period

Question 32

(1) Range of modifiability of performance.
(2) Modifiability, or “molding,” of
the brain through experience.

Answer 32

plasticity

Question 33

Times in development when a person is particularly open to certain kinds of experiences.

Answer 33

sensitive periods

Question 34

The Life-Span Developmental
Approach

Answer 34

(1) development is lifelong,
(2) development is multidimensional,
(3) development is multidirectional
(4) the relative influences of biology and culture shift over the life span, (5) development involves
changing resource allocations,
(6) development shows
plasticity, and
(7) development is influenced by the historical and cultural context.