DETRITAL/CLASTIC Flashcards
sed rock and grabau name of GRAVEL
sed rock- gravelstone/conglomerate
grabau- rudite
sed rock and grabau name of SAND
sed rock- sandstone
grabau- arenite
sed rock and grabau name of MUD
sed rock- mudrock
grabau- lutite
made up of gravel-sized sediments
GRAVELSTONES
gravelstones made up of rounded sediments
CONGLOMERATE
made up of angular sediments; a.k.a RUDITES
BRECCIA
- with an interior source eroding from the same source and lithifying in place
- uniform composition for clasts and matrices
INTRAFORMATIONAL
- composition derived outside of depositional basin
- clasts and matrices’ composition different
EXTRAFORMATIONAL
clast supported
ORTHOCONGLOMERATE
matrix-supported
PARACONGLOMERATE
Gravelstone with more than 90% of the framework clasts consisting of a single/few resistant rocks/minerals
OLIGOMICT
Clasts of different compositions that are prone to weathering and erosion
PETROMICT
clasts composed of a single composition
MONOMICTIC
clasts composed of about 2-4 different types of parent rocks
DIAMICTIC
clasts with numerous amounts of types of composition
POLYMICTIC
type of gravelstone composed of lithified colluvium deposited from mass wasting
DIAMCTITE
sedimentary rocks made up of sand-sized sediments
SANDSTONES/ARENITES
classifies sandstones based on the proportions of quartz (Q), feldspars (F) and lithic fragments (L)
FOLK’S SCHEME-
with significant amount of feldspars
ARKOSE
mud matrix
WACKE
older, general term for matrix-rich sandstone
GRAYWACKE
- Derived from volcanic-magmatic arms
- Over subduction zones along convergent plate boundaries
MAGMATIC ARC SOURCE
Recycled sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous sediments, and accretionary complexes uplifted
SUBDUCTION COMPLEXES
- Uplifted continental and oceanic originating seds
- Continental collisions close to ocean basins
- COLLISION OROGENS
- Diverse sedimentary, metamorphic, igneous assemblages
- Exposed in orogenic belts at convergent plate boundaries
FORELAND UPLIFTS
3 recycled orogen source
- SUBDUCTION COMPLEXES
- COLLISION OROGENS
- FORELAND UPLIFTS
3 continental block source
- CRATON INTERIOR
- TRANSITIONAL CRATONS
- UPLIFTED BASEMENT
3 sources of sediments
- MAGMATIC ARC SOURCE
- RECYCLED OROGEN SOURCE
- CONTINENTAL BLOCK SOURCE
- From pre-existing, mature sedimentary rocks that overlie plutonic basement in a stable platform
- very low relief
CRATON INTERIOR
- Platform seds and plutonic basement shield rocks are exposed
- Low to moderate relief
TRANSITIONAL CRATONS
- Basement plutonic igneous and metamorphic rocks are exposed
- High relief resulting from uplift
UPLIFTED BASEMENT
mudrocks made up of the combination of silt and clay-sized sediments
MUDSTONE
mudrock showing distinct layering
SHALE
banding observed among mudrocks where they tend to break
Fissility
smectite-rich claystones that formed from the alteration of volcanic ash deposits from explosive eruptions;
BENTONITE
what is Bentonite known as in Tagalog?
ADOBE
