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Radbio > Deterministic Effect > Flashcards

Deterministic Effect Flashcards

1
Q

radiation response occurs within days to months

A

deterministic effect

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2
Q

radiation response increases in sevierty

A

deterministic effect

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3
Q

is the most devastating human response to radiation exposure

A

death

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4
Q

always result in partial-body exposure

A

diagnostic x-ray beam

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5
Q

sequence that follow high-level radiation exposure leading to death within days or weeks

A

acute radiation syndrome

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6
Q

this immediate response of radiation sickness

A

prodromal period

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7
Q

is the time after exposure during which is no sign of radiation exposure

A

latent radiation

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8
Q

after the period of initial radiation sickness well-being occurs

A

apparent

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9
Q

approximately dose: > 1 Gyt

A

prodromal period

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10
Q

approximately dose: 1-100 Gyt

A

latent period

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11
Q

clinical sign and symptoms: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

A

prodromal period

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12
Q

there is NONE clinical sign and syndrome

A

latent period

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13
Q

is characterized by possible vomiting mild diarrhea, malaise, lethargy, and fever

A

manifest illness

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14
Q

at very high radiation dose, the ___ disappears altogether

A

latent period

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15
Q

at very low radiation dose, there may be no ___ at all

A

prodromal period

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16
Q

as the whole-body radiation dose increases, the average time between exposure and death decreases

A

mean survival time

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17
Q

what are the three syndromes

A

central nervous syndrome
gastrointestinal syndrome
hematologic syndrem6

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18
Q

reduction or red, white blood cells, and platelets

A

hematologic syndrome

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19
Q

hematologic syndrome and CNS syndrome of mean survival time

A

dose dependent

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20
Q

G1 syndrome of mean survival time

A

remain constant at 4 days

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21
Q

severe damage to the cells lining the intestine

A

gastrointestinal period

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22
Q

the ultimate cause of death in CNS syndrome is elevated fluid content of the brain

A

central nervous syndrome

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23
Q

is the dose of radiation to the whole body

A

LD 50/60

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24
Q

no one is expected to die

A

1 Gyt (100 rad)

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25
Q

all those irradiated die unless vigorous medical support is available

A

6 Gyt (600 rad)

26
Q

even vigorous medical support does not prevent death

A

10 Gy (1000 rad)

27
Q

LD 50/60 in human

A

3.5 Gy (350 rad)

28
Q

LD 50/60 if human have clinical support

A

8.5 Gy (850 rad)

29
Q

higher dose is required to produce a response

A

local tissue damage

30
Q

is the shrinkage of an organ or tissue caused by cell death

A

Atrophy

31
Q

what are the local tissue damage

A

skin
gonads
bone marrow

32
Q

is the most familiar to us

A

skin

33
Q

skin in outer and intermediate

A

outer - epidermis
intermediate - dermis

34
Q

consist of several layers of cells

A

Epidermis

35
Q

are the stem cell that matures as they migrate tot he surface of the epidermis

A

basal cells

36
Q

orthovoltage

A

(200 - 300 kVp x-rays)

37
Q

a sunburn - like reddening the skin

A

erythema

38
Q

ulceration and denudation of the skin

A

desquamation

39
Q

loss of hair other term

A

epilation

40
Q

ringworm other term

A

tinea capitis

41
Q

tinea capitis of the scalp which is common in children was successfully treated by ___

A

grenz radiation

42
Q

female gonad produce produce ___ and mature in ovum

A

Ovaries
oogonia

43
Q

male gonad and produces ____ and matures into sperm

A

Testes
spermatogonia

44
Q

this process is develop in stem cell phase and mature cell phase

A

gametogenesis

45
Q

is the stem cell of the ovaries

A

oogonia

46
Q

grow to encapsulate oogonia

A

primordial follicle

47
Q

most radiosensitive

A

mature follicle

48
Q

matured oogonia

A

oocyte

49
Q

is the matured female cell 400-500 ova are available for fertilization

A

ovum

50
Q

is the stem cell of male

A

spermatogonia

51
Q

matured spermatogonia

A

spermatocyte

52
Q

mature spermatocyte

A

spermatids

53
Q

matured germ cell

A

spermatozoa or sperm

54
Q

a number of cell types are produced and develop into several different types of mature cell

A

pluripotential stem cell

55
Q

those involved in the immune response

A

lymphocytes

56
Q

scavenger type of cell used to fight bacteria

A

granulocytes

57
Q

also called platelets clotting of blood

A

thrombocytes

58
Q

red of blood cells

A

erythrocytes

59
Q

is also a cell renewal system

A

hematopoietic system

60
Q

decrease in the number of all types of blood cells in the circulating peripheral blood

A

hematopoietic cell survival

61
Q

are the most radiosensitive cell in the body

A

spermatogonia and lymphocytes

62
Q

is the study of the genetic f cells particularly cell chromosomes

A

cytogenetics

Radbio (2 decks)

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