Détente,Afghan&Carter Flashcards
What was SALT 1?
USA AND USSR agreed there would be no further production of strategic ballistic missiles
They both agreed in the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty which meant they could shoot down any incoming missiles
It was signed in 1972 by USA and USSR
What was SALT 2
It began in 1972
It was signed in 1979 but never got officially agreed
It meant the countries had to reduce their nuclear weapons
What was he Apollo-Soyuz mission
In 1975
A joint space mission between an American Apollo and a Russian Soyuz spacecraft
It marked the beginning of cooperation in space
What were the Helsinki agreements
It represented 35 countries
They discussed issues like security (all disputes to be settled, countries would inform each other about any big military manouvre) , cooperation (economic, industrial, scientifically and educational cooperation) and human rights (freedom of speech, info, religion and movement)
What was the Kabul revolution
April 1978
Taraki was the new government who said he wanted to build socialism in Afghanistan, he quickly became an ally of USSR
Many Muslim leaders over the country were angry at his socialist reforms
By 1979 this anger caused a civil war to break out
Taraki was forced to accept Amin as prime minister
In October 1979 Amin supporters assassinated Taraki and Amin claimed presidency of the country
Why did Brezhnev invade Afghanistan?
USSR didn’t trust Amin and Brezhnev feared Muslims were planning to take over the country meaning it wouldn’t be communist
USSR were concerned if he Islamic state one the civil war then they would take over Afghanistan
Karmal (a communist) said with soviet help he could be government of Afghanistan
Brezhnev didn’t have to fear USA getting involved
What happened in the soviet invasion of Afghanistan?
Soviet troops killed Amin and karnal was declared president
It lasted ten years and around 1.5 million people died
What was the Carter doctrine
He argued USA wouldn’t let USSR gain control of territory in the oil rich Middle East
He took a number of steps to remove soviet troops from Afghanistan
He formed an alliance with China and Israel to support Afghan rebels, the cia provided weapons for Mujahideen an Islamic organisation to fight for a soviet free Afghanistan
He imposed economic sanctions which stopped al, trade with the Soviet Union
He ended diplomatic relations with USSR
Why did salt 2 end
USA refused to ratify the treaty so therefore never became law
What happened at the Olympic boycott
Carter lead of in 1980
Around 60 countries were with USA and refused to attend the Moscow Olympics so USA set up another one in Philadelphia
USSR with 14 other communist countries then refused to attend the LA olympics in 1984
This officially made détente dead - their relations were the lowest they’ve been since the Cuban missile crisis
What was the outer space treaty
In 1967 it stopped the arms race spreading to outer space and no nuclear weapons could be used there
What was the nuclear non-proliferation treaty?
In 1968 they agreed that niether country could supply nuclear weapons to other states and not help them develop more weapons, this stopped the superpowers engulfing parts of the world
