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Clinical Bacteriology > Detection Methods > Flashcards

Detection Methods Flashcards

1
Q

Performed using touch preparations

A

Tissues (smear)

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2
Q

Sample that Must be rolled back and forth across a dry, clean slide

A

Swabs

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3
Q

Aspirates or body fluid Prep if high number of organisms are expected and if the specimen is thick

A

Single-drop smear

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4
Q

Aspirates or body fluid Prep if a small number of organisms is expected

A

Centrifuged smear

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5
Q

Aspirates or body fluid Prep used for low-volume specimens

A drop is placed on slide and allowed to dry. Another drop is placed on top of dried smear

A

Layered Smear

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6
Q

Aspirates or body fluid Prep where an aliquot of the specimen is spun directly into a slide

A

Cytocentrifuged smear

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7
Q

May be added to CSF to help cellular materials adhere to the slide

A

Albumin

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8
Q

May be added to extremely mucoid specimens

A

Mucolytic

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9
Q

What is gram stain?

A

A staining method that places bacteria into one or two groups (g+,g-) and determines g/s characteristic

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10
Q 
Gram stain reagent contact times:
Crystal violet
Gram’s iodine
Acetone-alcohol
Safranin Red
A

1 min
1 min
3-5 seconds, rinse with water
1 min

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11
Q

G/S Primary stain

A

Crystal violet

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12
Q

G/S mordant

A

Gram’s iodine

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13
Q

G/S decolorizer

A

Acetone-alcohol

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14
Q

G/S counterstain

A

Safranin red

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15
Q

G+ cell wall color after gram stain

A

Purple

PoPu

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16
Q

G- cell wall after gram stain

A

Pink

NePu

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17
Q

Color of G- cell wall when not decolorized

A

Purple

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18
Q

What does gram stain have that acid-fast stain does not have?

A

Mordant

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19
Q

Acid-fast stain is primarily used to detect…

A

Mycobacterium species (TB)

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20
Q

Fuchsin Stain that is also known as the cold method; uses a higher concentration of detergent to facilitate staining

A

Kinyoun method

21
Q

Fuchsin stain that is also known as the hot method; uses heat to facilitate staining

A

Ziehl-Neelsen Method

22
Q

Acid-Fast Stain Contact Time:
Carbolfuchsin
Acid-alcohol
Methylene blue

A

5 min., flame/steam, rinse, a few min., rinse

Decolorize until no more stain comes off/ rinse water

1 min., rinse, dry, examine

23
Q

What is the purpose of carbolfuchsin in acid fast stain?

A

Primary stain

24
Q

What is the acid-fast stain decolorizer

A

Acid-alcohol

25
Q

What is the purpose of methylene blue in acid fast staining?

A

Counterstain

26
Q

Acid-fast cell wall will appear ____ after staining

A

Red

27
Q

Non acid-fast cell wall will appear ___ after staining

A

Blue

28
Q

Fluorochrome stain that stain acid-fast organism fluorescence yellow or orange under a fluorescent microscope

A

Auramine-rhodamine

29
Q

Used to observe metachromatic granules in corynebacterium diphtheriae

A

Methylene blue

30
Q

Fluorochrome dye that stains both g+ g- organisms both living and dead

A

Acridine orange

31
Q

To determine the biological activity of microorganisms including motility or reactions to certain chemicals or serologic reactivity in specific antisera

A

Saline mount

32
Q

Uses slide but with deeper field of focus (because of depression slide) and without the distorting effects from weight of coverslip
Generally used to observe motility

A

Hanging-drop method

33
Q

Used to visualize organisms that are invisible by brightfield microscopy and stain only with great difficulty
Useful in demonstrating spirochetes

A

Darkfield examination

34
Q

Assess quality of sputum samples

A

Book page 18

35
Q

Culture medium that contains no agar or any hardening or solidifying agents

A

Liquid

36
Q

Agar percentage of semi-solid culture media

A

0.5-1.0%

37
Q

Culture medium that contains 2-3% agar

A

Solid

38
Q

Polysaccharide extract of seaweed/algae

A

Agar

39
Q

Culture medium that exact composition is known. Commercially prepared

A

Synthetic

40
Q

Culture medium thats exact composition is not known. Meat extract broth

A

Non-synthetic

41
Q

Culture medium made up of living cells

A

Cell culture

42
Q

Uses petri dishes

A

Plated media

43
Q

Use sterile test tubes

A

Tubed media

44
Q

Culture media that supports most non-fastidious bacteria

A

Non-selective media

45
Q

Culture media that supports the growth of one type of bacteria and not the other. Has inhibitory substances

A

Selective media

46
Q

Allows grouping of bacteria on the basis of different characteristics displayed on the medium. May be Selective or non-selective

A

Differential medium

47
Q

Designed to isolate fastidious bacteria. Has growth enhancers

A

Enriched media

48
Q

Designed to encourage growth of small numbers of a particular organism while suppressing the other flora present in the specimen

A

Enrichment broth (selective enrichment)

49
Q

Prevents replication while keeping bacterial cells viable

A

Transport media

Clinical Bacteriology (7 decks)

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