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EVIT: Chapter 10 - Brain > Detailed Structures > Flashcards

Detailed Structures Flashcards

1
Q

the cerebral cortex is in what brain division

A

cerebrum

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2
Q

define GYRI

A

folds of cortex

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3
Q

define SULCI

A

shallow grooves on surface

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4
Q

define CENTRAL SULCUS

A

between frontal & parietal

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5
Q

define LATERAL SULCUS

A

between frontal & temporal

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6
Q

define CORPUS CALLOSUM

A

conveys message between hemispheres

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7
Q

what is the 5th lobe

A

insula

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8
Q

list the 4 lobes

A
  • frontal
  • parietal
  • temporal
  • occipital
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9
Q

components of frontal lobe

A
  • primary motor
  • premotor cortex
  • prefrontal cortex
  • motor speech/Broca’s area
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10
Q

1 purpose of frontal lobe

A

motor

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11
Q

1 purpose of parietal lobe

A

estimation of distances, sizes, & shapes

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12
Q

components of parietal lobe

A
  • primary somatosensory
  • somatosensory association
  • posterior association
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13
Q

the posterior association is in the parietal lobes and what others?

A

temporal & occipital

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14
Q

1 purpose of temporal lobe

A

sound

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15
Q

components of temporal lobe

A
  • auditory receiving
  • auditory association
  • speech comprehension/Wernicke’s area
  • olfactory area
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16
Q

1 purpose of occipital

A

sound

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17
Q

components of occipital lobe

A

visual receiving & visual association

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18
Q

define memory

A

ability to store and retrieve information

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19
Q

define SHORT-TERM MEMORY

A

info lost unless reinforced

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20
Q

what things help in creating long-term memories

A
  • rehearsal/repetition
  • fibril formation @ synapse
  • alertness
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21
Q

purpose of THALAMUS

A
  • sort sensory impulses
  • direct impulses within cerebral cortex
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22
Q

purpose of HYPOTHALAMUS

A
  • maintains homeostasis
  • controls sympathetic & parasympathetic
  • influence heartbeat, blood flow, & hormone secretion
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23
Q

define MIDBRAIN

A

4 masses forming superior part of brain stem

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24
Q

purpose of MIDBRAIN

A
  • reflexes of eyes & ears
  • conduct impulses between higher center of cerebrum & lower center of pons/medulla/spinal cord/cerebellum
25
Q

purpose of PONS

A
  • connects cerebellum & rest of nervous system
  • reflexes of respiration/sleep/swallowing/bladder control/hearing/equilibrium/other involuntary actions
26
Q

components of MEDULLA OBLONGATA

A
  • respiratory center
  • cardiac center
  • vasomotor center
27
Q

what is special about the medulla oblongata?

A

has contralateral control

28
Q

define CONTRALATERAL CONTROL

A

opposite side controls opposite motor tracts

29
Q

what does the MEDULLA OBLONGATA control?

A
  • muscles of respiration
  • heart rate
  • BP
30
Q

3 parts of cerebellum?

A
  • vermis
  • right & left hemispheres
31
Q

function of CEREBELLUM

A
  • coordinate voluntary muscles
  • maintain balance
  • rhythm/timing
  • maintain muscle tone & postural stability
32
Q

define LIMBIC SYSTEM

A

part of brain that controls emotional states & unconscious/conscious behavior

33
Q

list parts of limbic system

A
  • cingulate gyrus
  • hippocampus
  • amygdala
34
Q

purpose of CINGULATE GYRUS

A

associate emotions w/memories

35
Q

purpose of HIPPOCAMPUS

A

allows storage of new memories

36
Q

purpose of AMYGDALA

A
  • involved in emotional states & connected w/olfactory lobe & smell
  • fear response
37
Q

define BASAL NUCLEI/BASAL GANGLIA

A

helps w/motor inputs & practiced, routine motor tasks

38
Q

aka: basal nuclei

A

basal ganglia

39
Q

define RETICULAR FORMATION

A

RAS sends impulse to cortex to keep awake & attentive

40
Q

define RAS

A

reticular activating system

41
Q

list 4 categories of cranial nerves

A
  • special sensory impulses
  • general sensory impulses
  • somatic motor impulses
  • visceral motor impulses
42
Q

define SPECIAL SENSORY IMPULSES

A

smell, taste, vision, & hearing

43
Q

define GENERAL SENSORY IMPULSES

A

pain, temperature, pressure, & vibrations

44
Q

define SOMATIC MOTOR IMPULSES

A

voluntary muscle movement

45
Q

define VISCERAL MOTOR IMPULSES

A

involuntary control of involuntary muscles & glands

46
Q

list the 12 pairs of cranial nerves in order

A

olfactory, optic, oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal. abducens, facial, vestibulocochlear, glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, hypoglossal

47
Q

define CRANIAL NERVE I (olfactory)

A

sensory for smell

48
Q

define CRANIAL NERVE II (optic)

A

sensory for vision

49
Q

define CRANIAL NERVE III (oculomotor)

A

motor for most eye movement

50
Q

define CRANIAL NERVE IV (trochlear)

A

motor to move the eye

51
Q

define CRANIAL NERVE V (trigeminal)

A

both for face sensation & mastication

52
Q

define CRANIAL NERVE VI (abducens)

A

motor to abduct eye

53
Q

define CRANIAL NERVE VII (facial)

A

both for facial expression & taste

54
Q

define CRANIAL NERVE VIII (vestibulocochlear)

A

sensory for hearing & balance

55
Q

define CRANIAL NERVE IX (glossopharyngeal)

A

both for taste & gag reflex

56
Q

define CRANIAL NERVE X (vagus)

A

both for gag reflex & parasympathetic innervation

57
Q

define CRANIAL NERVE XI (accessory)

A

motor for shoulder shrug

58
Q

define CRANIAL NERVE XII (hypoglossal)

A

motor for swallowing & speech

EVIT: Chapter 10 - Brain (4 decks)

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