Detailed grapes Flashcards
What different qualities do sherry grapes bring to the wine?
Palomino is neutral, limiting primary aromas. It loses acidity when nearing ripeness
Moscatel (Muscat of Alexandria) is under 1% of production and is used to produce sweet fortified wines with aromas of grape and blossom
Pedro Ximénez - neutral variety, with favours coming from drying process.
What are the growing considerations of sherry grapes?
Palomino is high yield, suited to dry, sunny weather
Moscatel (Muscat of Alexandria) is grown on sandy soils, and adapted to heat and drought.
Pedro Ximenez is small, thin skinned, adapted for drying.
What are the attributes of Touriga Franca?
Touriga Franca:
most widely grown variety
- late-ripening, suitable for warmest, low altitude, south facing, sites
- tight bunches of thick skinned grapes - resistance to fungal disease
- vigourous - needs summer pruning
contributes: colour tannin acidity juicy red and black fruit
What are the attributes of Tinta Roriz?
Tinta Roriz (Tempranillo)
- early ripening, needs cool sites
- brings body and colour, if yields are controlled
What are the attributes of Tinta Barroca?
Tinta Barroca:
- early ripening - needs cooler sites in Baixo Corgo, or Cima Corgo
- brings earthy character
- can lack acidity and colour may fade
- can be high yield
What are the attributes of Touriga Nacional
Touriga Nacional:
- mid-ripening, thick skinned
- brings acidity, tannins, concentrated black fruit and floral aromas
- ageing potential
- suffers coulure, and excessive vegetative vigour. Needs summer pruning
What are the attributes of Tinta Amarela?
Tinta Amarela:
Full bodied, concentrated black fruits, spicy
Capable of ageing
What are the attributes of Tinto Cão?
Tinto Cão:
late ripening, heat tolerant
Concentrated wine, high acidity, ageing capacity
What are the attributes of Sousão?
Sousão:
Colour intensity, acidity
What are the attributes of white port varieties?
Malvasia Fina - Boal in Madeira:
Medium acid, full body, honeyed
Moscatel Galego Branco (Muscat Blanc à Petit Grains):
aromatic, used for unaged wines
What Port varieties are more suitable for ageing?
Touriga Nacional
Tinta Amarela
Tinto Cão
What Port varieties contribute acidity?
Touriga Franca
Touriga Nacional
Tinto Cão
Sousão
What Port varieties contribute substantial colour?
Touriga Franca
Tinta Roriz
Touriga Nacional
Sousão
What are the main attributes of Sercial?
Sercial:
- high acidity
- typically lowest sugar
- lightest colour and body
citrus peel and nuts
Late ripening
Disease:
botrytis bunch rot
What are the main attributes of Verdelho?
Verdelho:
- high acidity
- medium sugar
- darker in colour than Sercial
candied fruit
Disease:
Botrytis bunch rot
coulure
downy/ powdery mildews
What are the main attributes of Boal?
Boal:
- medium sweetness
- fuller and sweeter than Verdelho,
- darker in colour
Also called Malvasia Fina
Disease:
- drought suceptible
What are the main attributes of Malvasia?
Malvasia:
full bodied, brown in colour
Raisin and caramel aromas
Covers more than one variety - susceptible to powdery mildew, or botrytis bunch rot
What are the main attributes of Terrantez?
Terrantez
medium dry to medium sweet, high sugar levels
aromas of citrus, caramel, floral
Disease:
powdery mildew
botrytis bunch rot
Order Madeira styles in appearance, or colour?
Lightest:
Sercial
Verdelho
Boal
Malvasia
Darkest
Order Madeira styles by sweetness:
Driest:
Sercial Verdelho Terrantez Boal Malvasia
Sweetest
What are the flavour attributes of Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains?
Muscat Blanc à Petit Grains:
- aroma intensity - floral, grapey
What are the flavour attributes of Muscat of Alexandria?
Muscat of Alexandria:
- floral, grapey aromas
What are the flavour attributes of Grenache?
Grenache:
- Blackberries, raspberries, plums, cherries
What does Muscat à Petit Grains Rouge contribute to a wine?
Muscat à Petit Grains Rouge (Rutherglen Brown Muscat):
- grapey, floral aromas
