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Gross Anatomy Module 4 > Detailed Exploration of the Skull > Flashcards

Detailed Exploration of the Skull Flashcards

1
Q

Orbital plates of frontal bone

A

Ant Cranial Fossa
Convex elevations to either side of cribriform plates.
- Form roof of bony orbit below

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2
Q

Crista galli of ethmoid bone

A

Ant Cranial Fossa

projects upward in midline. Also provides attachment for falx cerebri

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3
Q

Cribriform plate

A

Ant Fossa
Ethmoid bone, perforated areas on either side of crista Galli.
- Small perforations communicate with roof of nasal cavity below and transmit olfactory n (CNI)

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4
Q

Lesser wing of sphenoid

A

Posterior aspect of anterior cranial fossa

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5
Q

Anterior clinic processes

A

Middle cranial fossa

Extend posteriorly from lesser wing of sphenoid bone and provide attachments for dura

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6
Q

Petrous portion of temporal bone

A

SP

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7
Q

Sella turcica of sphenoid bone

A

“Turkish saddle” (within circle)

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8
Q

Tuberculum sellae

A

front of “saddle”

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9
Q

Hypophyseal (pituitary) fossa

A

Concavity that resembles rider’s seat in saddle and accommodates pituitary gland

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10
Q

Dorsum sellae

A

Back of “saddle”

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11
Q

Posterior clinoid processes

A

Extend posteriorly from either end of dorsum sellae and provide dural attachments

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12
Q

Optic canals

A

Pass forward to orbits and transmit optic nerves and ophthalmic arteries

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13
Q

Optic canals

A

Pass forward to orbits and transmit optic nerves and ophthalmic arteries

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14
Q

Superior orbital fissure

A

Inverted, comma-shaped gap between greater and lesser wings of sphenoid bone found under cover of lesser wing that communicates w/ orbit anteriorly and through which pass ophthalmic veins and CN 3, 4, 6, V1

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15
Q

Foramen rotundum

A

Round opening posterior to inferior orbital fissure that transmits maxillary nerve (CN V2)

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16
Q

Foramen ovale

A

oval-shaped opening posterior to foramen rotundum, that leads to infra temporal region below skull and transmits mandibular nerve (CN V3)

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17
Q

Foramen spinosum

A

Immediately behind and lateral to foramen oval; small round opening leading from infratemporal region below that transmits middle meningeal artery

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18
Q

Foramen lacerum

A

Opening on either side of hypophyseal fossa for entrance of ICA

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19
Q

Carotid canal

A

Junction of greater wing of sphenoid and petrous portion of temporal bone

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20
Q

Hiatus for greater petrosal n

A

Exits from anterior slope of petrous temporal ridge (groove can be followed to foramen lacer)
H

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21
Q

Hiatus for greater petrosal n

A

Exits from anterior slope of petrous temporal ridge (groove can be followed to foramen lacerum)
Hiatus and groove transmit greater petrosal n

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22
Q

Hiatus and groove for lesser petrosal n

A

Run parallel and inferior to greater hiatus and groove, which leads toward foramen ovale and transmits lesser petrosal n

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23
Q

Petrous ridge of temporal bone

A

Posterior cranial fossa

24
Q

Clivus

A

body of sphenoid bone behind dorsum sellae which becomes fused with a portion of occipital bone anterior to foramen magnum
Slopes posteriorly and inferiorly to end as anterior margin of foramen magnum

25
Foramen magnum
Spinal cord continuous with brainstem above
26
Hypoglossal canal
Found on lateral margin of foramen magnum anterior to occipital condyle Runs obliquely anteriorly and laterally, transmits hypoglossal n (CN12)
27
Internal auditory meatus (IAM)
posterior slope of petrous temporal ridge just above jugular foramen. Passing through opening to middle ear region within temporal bone = CN7, CN8
28
Jugular foramen (JF)
large opening lateral to foramen magnum that leads to base of skull below. Transmits the IJV and cranial 9,10,11
29
Internal occipital protuberance
Internal projection of bone at bone at posterior pole of internal aspect of skull (IOP)
30
Normal Basalis
Anterior transverse line: joins right and left articular eminence articular eminence: rounded ridge of bone, runs transversely across anterior limit of mandibular fossa Posterior transverse line: joins anterior aspects of right and left mastoid processes
31
Normal Basalis: Anterior Region
Each side of hard palate consists of 2 bones: 1. Palatine process of maxilla (Mx) forms anterior 2/3 of palate 2. Horizontal plate of palatine bone (P) forms posterior 1/3 of palate, ending posteriorly as double crescentshaped free border
32
Posterior nasal spine
Midline posterior projection from posterior border of bony palate
33
Incisive foramen
Mouth of incisive canal behind central incisor. Foramen is common opening for right and left incisive canals --Transmits nasopalatine nerve and vessels
34
Greater palatine canal opens as
1. Greater palatine foramen onto palatal process of palatine bone in line with last maxillary molar. * transmits greater palatine n and vessels 2. Lesser palatine foramen - posterior to greater palatine foramen * lesser palatine nerve and vessels
35
Posterior choanae or posterior nasal apertures
posterior limits of nasal cavity
36
Vomer
free edge of bony nasal septum separated
37
Pterygoid processes of sphenoid bone : Lateral plate
Attachment for lateral and medial pterygoid muscles
38
Medial pterygoid plate
Posterior limit of lateral wall of nasal cavity | - ends inferiorly as hamulus
39
Scaphoid fossa
canoe-shaped shallow depression @ base of medial pterygoid plate *tensor palatini muscle originates here
40
Palatovaginal canal
still anterior | Near base of Vomer
41
Pterygoid canal
still anterior Passes base of pterygoid process. Mouth of canal medial to scaphoid fossa, passing anterior margin of foramen lacerum
42
Mandibular fossa
INTERMEDIATE region | Accomodates condyle of mandible
43
Tympanic plate
Forms anterior wall of EAM and posterior, nonfunctioning wall of mandibular fossa
44
EAM
int'd region | behind mandibular fossa
45
Squamotympanic fissure/petrotympanic fissure
transmits chorda tympani
46
Spine of sphenoid
projection medial to mandibular fossa; ligament joins spine to lingula of mandible
47
Foramen spinosum
opening anterior to spine of sphenoid, transmits middle meningeal a from base of skull to interior of skull
48
Foramen lacerum
usually occupied by cartilage in life
49
Foramen ovale
Int'd region
50
Mastoid process
of temporal bone *posterior line
51
Stylomastoid foramen
Between styloid and mastoid processes, passage of facial n from within temporal bone
52
Styloid process
downward, forward and medial, joined to lesser horn of hyoid bone by stylohyoid ligament
53
Jugular formen
Internal jugular vein and CN 9, 10, 11 pass
54
Entrance to carotid canal
Anterior immediately anterior to jugular foramen | separated via wedge of bone
55
tympanic canaliculus
inferiorly on wedge of bone separating carotid canal/jugular foramen transmits tympanic branch of glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)
56
Other posterior structures
occipital condyles hypoglossal canal foramen magnum (FM)

Gross Anatomy Module 4 (7 decks)

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