Design Movements

Question 1

Give key information about Arts & Crafts

Answer 1

1853 - 1907
Influential Figures: William Morris + Gustav Stickley
- emphasis on craftsmanship and handmade quality
- use of natural materials - wood, metal, and stained glass
- simple forms inspired by nature
- no mass production

Question 2

Give key information about Art Nouveau

Answer 2

1890 - 1905
Influential Figures: Hector Guimard + Alphonse Mucha
- ornate and elaborate designs with flowing, organic lines
- emphasis on decorative elements inspired by nature - flowers, plants, curves
- integration of art into everyday objects and architecture
- use of new materials - glass and iron

Question 3

Give key information about Art Deco

Answer 3

1920 - 1939
Influential Figures: Eileen Gray + Rene Lalique
- geometric shapes, symmetry, streamlined forms
- luxurious materials - chrome, glass, exotic woods
- emphasis on glamour, luxury, and modernity
- influence from machinery, technology, ancient civilizations

Question 4

Give key information about Bauhaus

Answer 4

1919 - 1933
Influential Figures: Walter Gropius + Marcel Breuer
- ‘form follows function’
- fusion of art, craft, and technology in design.
- emphasis on functionality, simplicity, mass production
- integration of art disciplines - architecture, painting, sculpture

Question 5

Give key information about Memphis Design Movement

Answer 5

1981 - 1988
Influential Figures: Ettore Sottsass + Michele De Lucchi
- bold colors, patterns, asymmetrical shapes
- playful and eclectic mix of materials -plastic, laminate, metal
- rejection of minimalism and functionalism in favor of irony and humor
- influenced by Pop Art, Art Deco,1950s kitsch.

Question 6

Give key information about Modernsim

Answer 6

1924 -1945
Influential Figures: Le Corbusier + Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
- simplified forms, clean lines, minimal ornamentation
- functionality and efficiency as primary design principles
- emphasis on rationality, industrial production, mass consumption
- rejection of historical styles in favor of innovation and progress

Question 7

Give key information about Post Modernsim

Answer 7

1945 - Present Day
Influential Figures: Michael Graves + Philippe Starck
- eclecticism and mix of historical references with contemporary elements
- playfulness, irony, experimentation in design
- rejection of modernist notions of universal truth and singular style
- emphasis on individualism, context, cultural diversity