Design Argument

Question 1

What are the two types of proof

Answer 1

Inductive

Deductive

Question 2

Define inductive proof

Answer 2

An argument based on probability

Question 3

Define deductive proof

Answer 3

An argument that aims to give absolute proof.

If the premises are true than the conclusion must be true.

Question 4

Example of deductive proof

Answer 4

My shape has three sides
A triangle has three sides
Therefore my shape is a triangle

Question 5

Example of inductive proof

Answer 5

I am a girl
I love to sing
Therefore all girls love to sing

Question 6

Qualities of deductive proof

Answer 6

Logically necessary
True by definition
A priori

Question 7

Qualities of inductive proofs

Answer 7

Further investigation needed m
Conclusion is only ever probable
A posteriori

Question 8

Define a priori

Answer 8

Don’t need any extra information

Question 9

Define a posteriori

Answer 9

Answer depends on external evidence or experience

Question 10

What type of argument is the design argument

Answer 10

Inductive

A posterior

Teleological

Question 11

What is design argument also know as

Answer 11

Teleological argument

Question 12

Who created design argument

Answer 12

Paley

Question 13

What is design qua purpose

Answer 13

Argument that the universe appears to have been designed to fulfil some purpose

Question 14

What is design que regularity

Answer 14

Argument behaves in accordance to some rule or order

Question 15

Why is god the only creator able to do this

Answer 15

He is omnipotent omniscience and omnibenevolent

Question 16

What is the analogical argument

Answer 16

Watch could not come by accident

Existence of watch is proof of watchmaker

Universe is intricate design

Universe could not come by accident

Universe itself is proof of intelligent designer

Question 17

how does the design argument being inductive limit its worth

Answer 17

In most cases where there is design there is a designer

Humans don’t have sufficient knowledge and experience of creation to conclude that there is only one designer however.

What we can infer is useless by a posteriori

Question 18

what is anthropomorphism

Answer 18

attributing human characteristics to concepts, objects or other animals

Question 19

list humes criticisms of the design argument

Answer 19

A lesser God could have designed the universe

existence of evil and imperfection in world suggests a limited designer

Analogies between universe and machines are unsound

Analogies between design of universe and design of machines is just anthropmorphism

Universe could have become ordered state by chance

Question 20

Explain

A lesser God could have designed the universe

Answer 20

No evidence that it was a god of Christian theism

Designer could have been mortal and died a long time ago - intelligent minds attached to physical bodies

Design normally a feature of teamwork - multiple people create the universe?

Question 21

Explain

existence of evil and imperfection in world suggests a limited designer

Answer 21

Inconsistent triad

For a being with infinite power, wisdom and goodness this is not the world to expect

Question 22

Explain

Analogies between universe and machines are unsound

Answer 22

World is more like a vegetable - grows and evolves. Without need for designer

Supported by Darwin’s evolution theory

Question 23

Explain

Analogies between design of universe and design of machines is just anthropmorphism

Answer 23

We have no experience in the universe making therefore we have no idea what it takes to design one what the designer would look like

Our experience of design is limited to machines we design ourselves

Cannot assume that we can apply our limited experience of life on this world to the universe is a whole

Question 24

Explain

Universe could have become ordered state by chance

Answer 24

Epicurean hypothesis - world is more like a self regulating organism
Chaotic matter can fall into order of its own accord.
(Doesn’t need to be manipulated designed or planned)

Question 25

What is Swinburnes argument against Hume

Answer 25

Paleys argument that designer is all powerful Christian god is simplest explanation
Simplicity is always evidence for truth

Question 26

Strengths of paleys arguments

Answer 26

Argue that evil may be unavoidable in order for God to bring about good

Evolution does not destroy the design argument because evolution does not explain itself and it is compatible with belief in God

Paley draws conclusion that designer is metaphysical and transcendent

Argument that nature shows intention – strong when supported with anthropic principle

Question 27

Explain

Evil may be unavoidable in order for God to bring about good

Answer 27

Free will defence – freedom between the highest good and evil means that there must be even good in the world

Evil is soul making without evil we will never learn to love God and good 

Question 28

Explain

Evolution does not destroy the design argument

Answer 28

Swinburn – evolution explains nothing
Laws and biology, chemistry, physics explain things but cannot explain themselves.therefore they come from God who designed them

Criticism – if such cruel things are Considered natural can we really approve of a god who uses such a process for whatever purpose

Response - part of gods plan - may look random but all is planned 

Question 29

Explain

Conclusion that the designer is metaphysical and transcendent

Answer 29

Must be metaphysical since it would be impossible to design such a system from the inside

Laws could only have come from an external source (God) science only works because these laws exist and we have neither imagined or impose them

Question 30

Explain

Nature shows intention supported by anthropic principle

Answer 30

Conditions have been accustomed for and ordered universe containing intelligent life to develop

Seems obvious something must’ve designed it to bring about intelligent beings

Question 31

What does anthropic mean

Answer 31

Relating to humans