Descriptives Distribution

Question 1

Likert Scales – one item

Answer 1

Individual Creativity:

applications on a 7-point scale(from ‘not at all’ to ‘highly’)

Question 2

Likert Scales – Scale on more items

Answer 2

Lead Userness:

1 – always to 5 – never

Question 3

Types of Data

Answer 3

Intervall
Ordinal
Nominal

Question 4

Population

Answer 4

A population is the group of all items of interest to a statistics practitioner

Question 5

Sample

Answer 5

A sample is a set of data drawn from the population.

Question 6

Statistical Inference

Answer 6

Statistical inference is the process of making an estimate or prediction about a population based on sample data.

Question 7

Reasons for drawing a sample

Answer 7

1. A sample is less time-consuming than a census
2. A sample is less costly to administer than a census
3. A sample is less cumbersome and more practical to administer than a census

Question 8

Survey Errors

Answer 8

1. Coverage error or selection bias
2. Nonresponse error or nonresponse bias
3. Sampling error
4. Measurement error

Question 9

Statitstik softwares

Answer 9

SPSS
R
Stata
HLM

Question 10

Theory

Answer 10

system of statements, which is used to describe (parts of) and/or explain reality and make predictions about the future.

Question 11

Hypothesis

Answer 11

a statement whose validity is believed to be possible, but this is not proven or verified.

Question 12

Variable

Answer 12

a symbol or name that stands for a value.

• independent v: the presumed ‘cause’ in the theoretical model;
• dependant v: the presumed ‘effect’ in the theoretical model;
• moderating v: suspected or known to impact or influence the dependant variable;
• controll v: is not changed but kept constant, because its unchanging state allows to better understand and test the relationship between the other variables.

Question 13

Comparing groups

Answer 13

T-Test (The mean/median etc. of one group is

higher/Smaller)

Question 14

Assuming dependency

Answer 14

Chi-Square (There is a relationship between A and B)

Question 15

Assuming directed rerlationship

Answer 15

Correlation Analysis (There is a positive/negative relationship between A and B)

Question 16

Predicting relationships

Answer 16

Regression Analysis (The variable A is positively influencing variable B)

Question 17

Interval (Statistical test for differences between groups of elements)

Answer 17

•T-tests (one-sample, independent-samples,
ANOVA, pairedsamples)
•Chi-square test for difference between two
proportions

Question 18

Ordinal (Statistical test for differences between groups of elements)

Answer 18

•Mann-Whitney U
•Wilcoxon
•Chi-square test for
difference between two
proportions

Question 19

Nominal (Statistical test for differences between groups of elements)

Answer 19

•Chi-square test for difference between two

proportions