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MCBD Kelly Mac > Description of drugs W5 > Flashcards

Description of drugs W5 Flashcards

1
Q

botulinum toxin

Provide each of the following: 1) Category 2) Mechanism of Action 3) Clinical Applications

A

botulinum toxin

Category: Acts of cholinergic nerve terminal.

Mechanism of Action: Enzymes that cleave cholinergic nerve terminal proteins and block ACh release from cholinergic terminals

Clinical Applications: Muscle spasm, smooth wrinkles, and reduce excessive sweating

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2
Q

edrophonium

Provide each of the following: 1) Category 2) Mechanism of Action 3) Clinical Applications

A

edrophonium

Category: Acts of AChE
Mechanism of Action: Readily reversible inhibitor of AChE
Clinical Applications: Reversal of neuromuscular block by nondepolarizing drugs; diagnosis of myasthenia gravis

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3
Q

pyridostigmine

Provide each of the following: 1) Category 2) Mechanism of Action 3) Clinical Applications

A

Category: Acts on AChE
Mechanism of Action: Quaternary ammonium carbamate ester AChE inhibitor
Clinical Applications: Treatment of myasthenia gravis

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4
Q

acetylcholine

Provide each of the following: 1) Category 2) Mechanism of Action 3) Clinical Applications

A

acetylcholine

Category: Acts of nAChR
Mechanism of Action: Cholinergic agonist (muscarinic & nicotinic)
Clinical Applications: Cataract (and certain other eye) surgery

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5
Q

succinylcholine

Provide each of the following: 1) Category 2) Mechanism of Action 3) Clinical Applications

A

succinylcholine

Category: Acts of nAChR
Mechanism of Action: Partial nicotinic agonist; depolarizing neuromuscular blocker
Clinical Applications: N-M relaxation

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6
Q

tubocurarine chloride (d-tubocurarine)

Provide each of the following: 1) Category 2) Mechanism of Action 3) Clinical Applications

A

tubocurarine chloride (d-tubocurarine)

Category: Acts of nAChR
Mechanism of Action: Competitive antagonist at skeletal muscle nictotinic receptors/
Clinical Applications: N-M relaxation

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7
Q

dantrolene

Provide each of the following: 1) Category 2) Mechanism of Action 3) Clinical Applications

A

Category: Counteracts succinylcholine-induced malignant hyperthermia
Mechanism of Action: Ryanodine receptor antagonist; blocks Ca2+ release
Clinical Applications: Malignant hyperthermia

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8
Q

acetylcholine

Provide each of the following: 1) Category 2) Mechanism of Action 3) Clinical Applications

A

Category: Muscarinic receptor agonist
Mechanism of Action: Cholinergic agonist (both muscarinic and nicotinic)
Clinical Applications: Cataract (and certain other eye) surgery

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9
Q

cevimeline

Provide each of the following: 1) Category 2) Mechanism of Action 3) Clinical Applications

A

cevimeline

Category: Muscarinic receptor agonist
Mechanism of Action: M3-selective muscarinic agonist
Clinical Applications: Sjögren’s syndrome

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10
Q

methacholine

Provide each of the following: 1) Category 2) Mechanism of Action 3) Clinical Applications

A

methacholine

Category: Muscarinic receptor agonist
Mechanism of Action: Non-selective muscarinic agonist
Clinical Applications: Diagnosis of airway hyperreactivity

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11
Q

atropine

Provide each of the following: 1) Category 2) Mechanism of Action 3) Clinical Applications

A

atropine

Category: Muscarinic receptor antagonist
Mechanism of Action: Non-selective muscarinic antagonist
Clinical Applications: Mydriatic, cycloplegic; reversal of vagal bradycardia; antitode for cholinesterase inhibitor toxicity

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12
Q

darifenacin

Provide each of the following: 1) Category 2) Mechanism of Action 3) Clinical Applications

A

darifenacin

Category: Muscarinic receptor antagonist
Mechanism of Action: M3-selective muscarinic antagonist
Clinical Applications: incontinence; overactive bladder

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13
Q

ephedrine

Provide each of the following: 1) Category 2) Mechanism of Action 3) Clinical Applications

A

ephedrine

Category: Acts on adrenergic nerve terminal
Mechanism of Action: Mixed-acting sympathomimetic (causes NE release from terminals, and is an adrenergic receptor agonist)
Clinical Applications: Hypotension; bronchospasm; nasal decongenstant

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14
Q

methyldopa (alpha-methyldopa)

Provide each of the following: 1) Category 2) Mechanism of Action 3) Clinical Applications

A

methyldopa (alpha-methyldopa)

Category: Acts on adrenergic nerve terminal
Mechanism of Action: Converted to methylnorepinephrine in CNS, which acts like alpha2-agonist
Clinical Applications: Hypertension

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15
Q

albuterol

Provide each of the following: 1) Category 2) Mechanism of Action 3) Clinical Applications

A

albuterol

Category: Adrenergic agonists
Mechanism of Action: Beta2 -selective agonist
Clinical Applications: Prompt teatment for acute bronchospasm

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16
Q

clonidine

Provide each of the following: 1) Category 2) Mechanism of Action 3) Clinical Applications

A

clonidine

Category: Adrenergic agonists
Mechanism of Action: Agonist at alpha2 -selective receptors in CNS- this results in decreased sympathetic outflow
Clinical Applications: Hypertension

17
Q

dobutamine

Provide each of the following: 1) Category 2) Mechanism of Action 3) Clinical Applications

A

dobutamine

Category: Adrenergic agonists
Mechanism of Action: Beta1 -selective agonist
Clinical Applications: Increase cardiac output in acute heart failure

18
Q

dopamine

Provide each of the following: 1) Category 2) Mechanism of Action 3) Clinical Applications

A

dopamine

Category: Adrenergic agonist
Mechanism of Action: Dopamine agonist (also alpha and beta agonist)
Clinical Applications: Shock, especially with renal shutdown; sometimes used in heart failure

19
Q

epinephrine

Provide each of the following: 1) Category 2) Mechanism of Action 3) Clinical Applications

A

epinephrine

Category: Adrenergic agonist
Mechanism of Action:Adrenergic agonist
Clinical Applications: anaphylaxis; emergency treatment of cardiac arrest

20
Q

isoproterenol

Provide each of the following: 1) Category 2) Mechanism of Action 3) Clinical Applications

A

isoproterenol

Category: Adrenergic agonist
Mechanism of Action: Non-selective beta-adrenergic agonist
Clinical Applications: Acute asthma; emergency treatment of cardiac arrest

21
Q

midodrine

Provide each of the following: 1) Category 2) Mechanism of Action 3) Clinical Applications

A

midodrine

Category: Adrenergic agonists
Mechanism of Action: Alpha1-selective agonist
Clinical Applications: Chronic orthostatic hypotension

22
Q

phenylephrine

Provide each of the following: 1) Category 2) Mechanism of Action 3) Clinical Applications

A

phenylephrine

Category: Adrenergic agonists
Mechanism of Action: Alpha-adrenergic agonist
Clinical Applications: Decongestant, mydriatic, neurogenic hypotension, test of baroreflex

23
Q

carvedilol

Provide each of the following: 1) Category 2) Mechanism of Action 3) Clinical Applications

A

carvedilol

Category: Adrenergic antagonists
Mechanism of Action: Antagonist at alpha1 and beta receptors
Clinical Applications: Hypertension; heart failure

24
Q

metoprolol

Provide each of the following: 1) Category 2) Mechanism of Action 3) Clinical Applications

A

metoprolol

Category: Adrenergic antagonists
Mechanism of Action: Beta1-selective antagonist
Clinical Applications: Hypertension; heart failure

25
Q

phentolamine

Provide each of the following: 1) Category 2) Mechanism of Action 3) Clinical Applications

A

phentolamine

Category: Adrenergic antagonists
Mechanism of Action: Alpha-adrenergic antagonist
Clinical Applications: Pheochromocytoma, antidote to overdose of adrenergic agonists

26
Q

prazosin

Provide each of the following: 1) Category 2) Mechanism of Action 3) Clinical Applications

A

Category: Adrenergic antagonists
Mechanism of Action: Alpha1 -selective antagonist
Clinical Applications: Hypertension, benign prostatic hyperplasia

27
Q

propranolol

Provide each of the following: 1) Category 2) Mechanism of Action 3) Clinical Applications

A

Category: Adrenergic antagonists
Mechanism of Action: Non-selective beta adrenergic receptor antagonist/
Clinical Applications: Angina, arrhythmias (treatment and propylaxis), hypertension, tremor, stage fright, migraine

MCBD Kelly Mac (7 decks)

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