Description and Identification Process Flashcards
What does understanding a persons physical factors that influence perception?
It helps LEO’s assess a witness’s credibility, analyze witness info and improve observation skills
What are the physical factors and perceptions?
Age Vision Hearing Smell and Taste Point of View Illusions
Age influences ability to perceive in two ways….
can negatively impact the observers physical ability to perceive but a lifetime of experience can improve the observers perceptions
What are some other physical influences that affect perception?
Physical conditions disease under and over nourishment pain, hunger, and fatigue unnatural positions of the body observations made under the influence of alcohol, narcotics, or other drugs generally are subject to distortions
What are the psychological factors?
Individual
social
Culture
What are some examples of psychological factors?
Group Tunnel Vision Intense Feelings and attitudes Social psychological factors first impressions expectations projection stereotyping interest
What are perception disorders?
All individuals including trained professionals are subject to certain tendencies toward perceptual distortions
What are the three major components that interact to affect the development of perception?
The observer
Events Observed
Ambient Conditions
What is an observer?
To perceive events properly, the observer must be physically present conscious and attentive to the event and people are required to write out their observations remember more and remember more accurately
What is events observed?
Factors that influence your ability to observe and perceive events
Examples–bright exotic colors, tattoos, body piercings, unusual attire, exotic vehicles, moving vehicles
What is ambient conditions?
Weather, illumination and background noise
What is physical stress?
generally seen to be beneficial due to enhanced performance, does not impact rational mind
What is psychological stress?
always the perception of the stimulus itself that determines how an individual responds to the source of stress
What is acute stress?
condition that occurs in response to a terrifying or traumatic event that is sudden, novel, or unexpected and or relatively short duration - emergency situation - greatly effects performance
What are stress-induced behavior reactions?
- Behavioral contagion
2. spreading of actions
What is behavior contagion?
Acute stress induced actions identified by LE encounters and spreading of escalating of emotions. attitudes and behavior between officers involved in the event
What is spreading of actions?
It is an individual repeating ineffective activity
What are the factors of a phot line up?
Accomplished in a manner which would not be unnecessarily suggestive
- minimum of 6 photos
- conducted at the LE location
- all photos should be the same type and size
What are factors of a physical line up?
minimum of 6 persons
- ensure no suspect stands out unduly
- no LE personnel in lineup
- no conversations between the individuals in the lineup, or with the witness by the LE
- if one subject does one thing all others do the same
- if there is more than one witness Separate them
- document any identification or non-identification by the witness
What is a simultaneous line up?
view all people at the same time
What is a sequential method?
View the suspects or photos one at a time (make decision on each one)
