Describing Varieties - Structures

Question 1

Morphology

Answer 1

smallest units of words and how these differ across varieties

Question 2

Syntax

Answer 2

how we contribute grammatical categories to construct phrases

Question 3

Morphosyntax

Answer 3

when we have grammatical categories; linguistic units that have both properties (morphological and syntatic)

Question 4

Non-Standard

Answer 4

use grammatical forsm which differ from Standard English

Question 5

Multiple negation

Answer 5

also refered to as ‘double negative/negative concord’

e.g. we don’t do nothing around here

Question 6

Other aspects of negation

Answer 6

• negative form of present tense of be

- negative past tense of auxiliary have

Question 7

Never as past tense negative

Answer 7

functions in the same way as the form didn’t

e.g. I never went to the shops today after all

Question 8

Unmarked plurality

Answer 8

nouns of measurement following numerals not being marked for plurality

Question 9

What is a vernacular universal?

Answer 9

Found across all non-standard vernacular varieties

e.g. Negative concord