Describing Lesions Flashcards
Macule
- Flat circumscribed pigmented lesion
- like a freckle
- if large called a patch
Erosion
Thinning of epithelial tissue on surface of skin
- CT not affected
- moist, slightly depressed
Ulcer
- Crater like lesion
- CT exposed
- scarring can follow
Wheal
- slightly raised area of local swelling
- smooth surfaced
- eg bug bite, food allergies
Scar
- permanent mark after wound healing
- healing with fibrous tissue
- not commonly seen in oral mucosa
Fissure
- linear cleft or furrow of epidermis
- eg fissured tongue
Sinus
- abnormal dilated tract channel or fistula
- capped with a parulus
Papule
- slightly elevated, circumscribed, less than 5mm, no fluid
Plaque
- flat solid raised area of skin
- eg leukoplakia
Nodule
Larger papule, >5mm
Tumor
Solid mass, more than 2cm
- can be benign or malignant
Benign T: slow grow, less aggressive
Malignant T: spread rapidly, invade adjacent tissues
Vesicle
- Small, clear fluid filled
- looks a bit like a small blister
- can be from herpes (fluid will be contagious)
Pustule
Circumscribed, filled with creamy pus
- less than 1cm
Bulla
Fluid filled blister more than 1 cm in diameter
Cyst
Closed sac lined by epithelium
Atrophy
Wasting away or decrease in size eg muscle disuse
Hypertrophy
Enlargement or overgrowth of a cell eg, muscles of mastication in chronic bruxism
Hypoplasia
Underdeveloped tissue that has decreased # of cells, or creates decreased # of cells
eg enamel hypoplasia
Hyperplasia
Increase in the # of normal cells in a tissue. Causes increased volume of the size of the organ. Eg chronic pulpitis
Metaplasia
Replacement of one cell with that of another not normal for that tissue.
Dysplasia
Disordered growth and loss of the normal maturation of cells.
Carcinoma
Malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells. *most common form of oral cancer.
Lobule
Segment/lobe that is part of a whole. Can be fused together.
Pedunculated
- Describes the base
- like a mushroom, stem like
- explorer can hook underneath it
