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Clinical skills Yr2 > Describing dermatological lesions > Flashcards

Describing dermatological lesions Flashcards

1
Q

What mnemonic should you use to describe skin lesions?

A

SPECL SCAB

S: Size (morphology)

P: Pattern

E: Elevation

C: Colour

L: Location

S: Shape

C: Consistency

A: And secondary lesions

B: Borders

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2
Q

What is meant by describing the size of a skin lesion?

A

What kinds of primary lesions are there

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3
Q

What are the 3 morphologies of bruises?

A

Petechiae: Purple/dark red pinpoint bruise smaller than 4mm width

Purpura: Purple/dark red bruise between 4mm-10mm width

Ecchymoses: Purple/dark red bruise larger than 10mm width

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4
Q

What are the 4 morphologies of solid lesions?

A

Macule

Plaque

Papule

Nodule

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5
Q

What are the 2 morphologies of fluid-filled lesions?

A

Vesicle

Bulla

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6
Q

What are the 2 morphologies of pus-filled lesions?

A

Pustule

Cyst

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7
Q

What are the 3 morphologies of depressed lesions?

A

Erosion

Fissure

Ulcer

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8
Q

What is meant by describing the pattern of a skin lesion?

A

Which areas on body surface is affected

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9
Q

What is meant by a dermatomal/band-like distribution pattern?

A

Lesion is confined to an area of skin supplied by a single nerve root

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10
Q

What is meant by a palmoplantar distribution pattern?

A

Lesion is on palms and soles

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11
Q

What is meant by an extensor distribution pattern?

A

Lesion is on extensor surfaces of joints, back, shoulders

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12
Q

What is meant by a flexor distribution pattern?

A

Lesion is on flexor surfaces of joints, trunk, front of neck

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13
Q

What is meant by an intertriginous distribution pattern?

A

Lesion is on skinfold areas eg. under breast, in axilla, groin

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14
Q

What is meant by a photo-distributed pattern?

A

Lesion in on areas that are usually exposed to sun eg. face, arms, scalp

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15
Q

What is meant by a widespread distribution pattern?

A

Lesion is diffuse across multiple body areas or whole body

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16
Q

What is meant by a follicular distribution pattern?

A

Lesions are located within or around hair follicles

17
Q

What is meant by a clustered distribution pattern?

A

Lesions are grouped together tightly

18
Q

What is meant by describing the elevation of a skin lesion?

A

Is it raised, flat on the skin surface or depressed

19
Q

What is meant by describing the colour of a skin lesion?

A

How is its colour different to the surrounding skin

20
Q

What term is used to describe red-pink coloured skin lesions?

A

Erythematous

21
Q

What term is used to describe purple coloured skin lesions

A

Purpuric

22
Q

What term is used to describe the colour of a skin lesion that is paler than the baseline skin colour, but still has pigment?

A

Hypopigmented

23
Q

What term is used to describe the colour of a skin lesion that is darker than the baseline skin colour?

A

Hyperpigmented

24
Q

What term is used to describe the colour of a skin lesion that has nor pigment?

A

Vitiligo

25
Q

When describing the location of a skin lesion, what 3 things should you mention?

A

Anatomical sites

Unilateral or bilateral

Symmetrical or asymmetrical

26
Q

How should you describe the shape of a skin lesion?

A

Geometric shape

eg. Round, oval, annular, targetoid, serpiginous

27
Q

If there are multiple skin lesions, how should you overall describe their shape?

A

Are they monomorphic (identical) or polymorphic lesions

28
Q

What is meant by describing the consistency of a skin lesion, in 2 ways?

A

Does the surface look pearly, shiny, dull

Does the lesion look hard, soft, flaccid, tense

29
Q

What is meant by secondary lesions?

A

Changes in a primary skin lesion that are caused naturally or by the individual

30
Q

What does skin atrophy look like, as a secondary skin lesion?

A

Thin and wrinkled skin

31
Q

What does crusting look like, as a secondary skin lesion?

A

Dried fluid over the leaking primary lesion

32
Q

What does excoriation look like, as a secondary skin lesion?

A

Linear, red scratches due to itching pruritic skin lesion

33
Q

What does lichenification look like, as a secondary skin lesion?

A

Plaque of thickened skin with prominent skin markings due to chronic pruritus

34
Q

What does scale look like, as a secondary skin lesion?

A

White/silver flakes that form over primary lesion due to increased cell turnover

35
Q

What does scarring look like, as a secondary skin lesion?

A

Replacement of normal tissue with fibrosed, hard tissue

36
Q

Which primary lesions can become erosions then ulcers?

A

Vesicles, pustules, blisters, bullae, cysts

37
Q

How should you describe the border of a skin lesion?

A

Well-demarcated (regular) or poorly-demarcated (irregular)

Clinical skills Yr2 (18 decks)

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