Describe The Structure And Function Of Bones Flashcards
1
Q
What are the 6 functions of bones?
A
- Providing the body framework
- giving attachment to muscles and tendons
- Allowing movement of the body as a whole and parts of the body, by forming joints that are moved by muscles.
- Forming the bandies of the cranium sthoax and pelvis, and protecting the Organs they contain.
- Haemopoiesis, the production of the blood cells in red bone marrow.
- Mineral storage, especially calcium phosphate - the mineral reservoir within bone is essential for maintenance of blood calcium levels, which must be tightly controlled.
2
Q
Describe the texture / structure of spongy bone tissue
A
- Spongy
- Porous
- Highly vascularised
Reduces bone density
Allows end of long bones to compress as a result of repeated stress
3
Q
Describe the texture / structure of compact bone tissue
A
- Makes up the hard outer layer, compact due to its minimal, gaps and spaces
- Tissue gives bones their smooth, white and solid appearance, accounts for 80% of totes, bone mass.
- Contains nerves and blood vessels
4
Q
Describe the structure of a long bone
A
Key components:
- shaft ( diaphysis) - compact bone
- 2 extremities ( epiphysis) - spongy bone
- vascular membrane (periosteum)
- Outer layer is tough / fibrous to protect bone underneath
- inner layer contains bone cells for bone production and breakdown, repair and remodelling
- main arterial nutrient supply to diaphysis.
- epiphysis has its own blood supply
- bone is full of nerves