Describe The Position And Structure Of Upper And Low Respiratory Tracts Flashcards
Position and structure of nasal cavity.
Position - Posteriorly extends into nasopharynx.
Structure - lined with vascular ciliated columnar epithelium - contains mucus-secreting goblet cells, coarse hairs, covered in sticky mucus.
Position and structure of pharynx.
Position - passageway - extends from the posterior nares, runs behind mouth and larynx, becomes the oesophagus.
Structure - several types of tissue: mucous membrane lining, submucosa, smooth muscle.
Position and structure of the nasopharynx.
Position - top of nasopharynx connects to nasal cavity, bottom connects to oropharynx.
Structure - ciliated columnar epithelium, submucosa - rich in lymphoid tissue.
Position and structure of the oropharynx and laryngopharynx.
Position - oropharynx connects to mouth, laryngopharynx - posterior to larynx.
Structure - both lined with stratified squamous epithelium.
Position and structure of larynx.
Position - links the laryngopharynx and the trachea - lies in front of the laryngopharynx.
Structure - composed of 9 irregularly shaped cartilages attached to each other by ligaments and membranes.
Position and structure of trachea.
Position - continuation of larynx, extends downwards - divides into right and left primary bronchi, lies in front of oesophagus.
Structure - 3 layers, outer layer contains fibrous and elastic tissue - middle layer contains C-shaped cartilages and smooth muscle - wind round trachea, mucosal lining - ciliated columnar epithelium, containing mucus-secreting goblet cells.
Position and structure of bronchi.
Position - 2 primary bronchi are formed when the trachea divide.
Structure - bronchial walls contain the same 3 layers of tissue as the trachea - lined with ciliated columnar epithelium.
Position and structure of bronchioles.
Position - branch off from bronchi.
Structure - smooth muscle, cartilage, epithelial lining.
Position and structure of alveoli.
Position - tiny air sacs at the end of bronchioles.
Structure - single layer of simple squamous epithelial cells in the alveolar ducts and alveoli - supported by loose network of elastic connective tissue in which macrophages, fibroblasts, nerves, and blood and lymph vessels are embedded.
