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CCNA ICND1. 640-822 > Describe the Operation of data networks > Flashcards

Describe the Operation of data networks Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary difference between routing and bridging.

A

Bridging takes place at OSI Layer2, and routing takes place at OSI Layer 3.

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2
Q

What is the cause of Jitters in the IP network?

A

network congestion

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3
Q

What UDP port is used by the ICMP Echo feature to communicate network connectivity status messages for a target host.

A

UDP Port 7

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4
Q

What TCP port does File Transfer Protocol (FTP) use to communicate with other hosts?

A

TCP port 21

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5
Q

What is the term used for the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) error recovery and windowing process?

A

Positive Achnowledgement and Retransmission (PAR)

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6
Q

What TCP packet header field specifies the maximum number of unacknowledged bytes allowed at any given point of time?

A

the Window field

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7
Q

What Layer 2 network devices forward frames based on a MAC address table which is dynamically populated as the device learns new MAC addresses?

A

Switches

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8
Q

What feature of ICMP protocol is used by the ping command to verify network connectivity to the target host?

A

ICMP Echo

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9
Q

Routing metrics are characteristics of which type of protocols?

A

routing protocols

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10
Q

Which UDP port does Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) use to communicate with other hosts?

A

UDP port 69

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11
Q

Which TCP mechanism limits the amount of data transfer between hosts to an acceptable speed?

A

flow control

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12
Q

Which protocol requires the receiving station to acknowledge the receipt of packets; TCP or UDP?

A

TCP

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13
Q

What routing metric enables a router to decide the best path through the network based on the maximum attainable throughput on a link?

A

bandwidth

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14
Q

What would be the destination MAC address for a host sending a packet to another host across a router?

A

The MAC address of the router

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15
Q

Which Layer 2 devices provide hardware-based switching of LAN traffic?

A

LAN switches

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16
Q

Which technology defines a way to carry voice calls over an IP network by digitizing and packetizing the analogue voice signals?

A

Voice over IP or (VoIP)

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17
Q

What is the term used for the router which receives clock synchronization from another router in a Point-to-Point WAN link?

A

Data Terminal Equipment (DTE)

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18
Q

How many fields are in a TCP packt header?

A

12

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19
Q

What routing metric enables a router to make a routing decision based on the extent to which a link is busy?

A

load

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20
Q

Which protocol enables hosts on a LAN segment to determine the MAC address of hosts with known IP addresses?

A

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)

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21
Q

Which network device enables two hosts on dissimilar networks to communicate with each other?

A

a router

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22
Q

Which TCP port does HTTP use to communicate with other hosts?

A

TCP port 80

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23
Q

Which network devices operate at OSI Layer 1 and provide multiple ports to connect many hosts on the network?

A

Hubs

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24
Q

The network device that only provides the conversion from copper based media transmission technology to optical fiber based media transmission technology operates at which OSI Layer?

A

OSI Layer 1

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25
Q

Which ICMP message will be generated if the TYPE field of the ICMP packet header has a value of 11?

A

Time Exceeded

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26
Q

Which TCP port does telnet use to communicate with other hosts?

A

TCP port 23

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27
Q

Which Cisco IOS command is used to enable the CDP on a Cisco device?

A

the

cdp run

global configuration command

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28
Q

What type of networking device is required to host a T1 Connection?

A

Router

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29
Q

Which device connects a router to a T1 WAN connection that converts WAN signals into signals that the LAN can understand, and also monitors and controls the WAN Link?

A

Channel service Unit / Data Service Unit

(CSU/DSU)

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30
Q

What is the maximum acceptable delay allowable between two voice packets?

A

150 ms

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31
Q

What is another term for TCP Windowing?

A

flow control

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32
Q

What is the default TCP segment payload (in bytes)?

A

536 bytes

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33
Q

What Layer 2 devices provide wireless access to Wi-Fi enabled hosts on the Network?

A

Access Points

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34
Q

What is the default CDP hold time?

A

180 Seconds

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35
Q

What TCP port does the World Wide Web (WWW) use to communicate with other hosts?

A

TCP port 80

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36
Q

What ICMP message will be generated if the TYPE field of the ICMP packet header has a value of 3?

A

Destination Unreachable

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37
Q

At which OSI Layer should you begin troubleshooting if the router interface reports that the protocol and the interface are down?

A

OSI Layer 1

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38
Q

From the telephone company’s standpoint, what is the term used for the point that defines the boundary between the responsibilities of the customer and the service provider?

A

Demarcation Point (demarc)

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39
Q

What is the term used for the WAN device that are installed at the customer site by the telecommunications company?

A

Customer Premises Equipments (CPE)

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40
Q

Which device provides the clock rate to routers?

A

CSU/DSU

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41
Q

What TCP port does the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) use to communicate with other hosts?

A

TCP port 25

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42
Q

Which multicast destination MAC address is used by CDP to make announcements?

A

01-00-0c-cc-cc-cc

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43
Q

Which TCP port does Post Office Protocol -Version POP3 use to communicate with other hosts?

A

TCP port 110

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44
Q

Which Cisco IOS feature causes network devices to give preference to voice traffic to ensure the smooth transmission of voice traffic?

A

Quality of Service (QoS)

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45
Q

At what router prompt is the router ip address command excuted?

A

router(config-if)#

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46
Q

What is the size of the Source field or Destination field in a TCP packet header?

A

16 bits

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47
Q

What routing metric is used by RIPv2 tp determine the best route to a destination?

A

hop count

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48
Q

What is the term used for the device which provides clock synchronization to a router in a Point-to-Point WAN link?

A

Data Communication Equipment (DCE)

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49
Q

Which Cisco OCI command is used to reset CDP traffic counter to Zero?

A

the

clear cdp counter

privileged EXEC command

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50
Q

What is the term used for the parameters by which a router determines the best path to the destination host?

A

router metrics

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51
Q

What must be the value of the two most significant bits in a Class B IP address?

A

10

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52
Q

Which port is used by Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) to communicate with other hosts?

A

UDP port 161

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53
Q

Which OSI Layer 2 devices provide software-based switching of LAN traffic?

A

LAN bridges

54
Q

What is the size of the Control field in a TCP packet header?

A

6 bits

55
Q

Which Cisco IOS command would display information collected by CDP about traffic details between devices?

A

the

show cdp traffic

privileged EXEC mode command.

56
Q

What is the term used for a type of delay variation that is characteristic of voice traffic?

A

jitters

57
Q

Which Layer 2 devices implement the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) feature?

A

switches

58
Q

Which Cisco IOS CDP show command displays the interface on which CDP is enabled?

A

the

show cdp interface

privileged EXEC mode command

59
Q

At which OSI layer does the Internet Protocol (IP) operate?

A

Network Layer

Layer 3

60
Q

Which TCP packet header field specifies the number assigned to the first byte in the message sent?

A

Sequence Number

61
Q

Which device connects the 4-wire cable of the ISP WAN and the router?

A

CSU/DSU

62
Q

Which TCP packet header field tells the sender how much data can be transmitted before the sender should stop and wait for acknowledgement?

A

The Window field.

63
Q

Which Cisco OSI layer does the Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) operate?

A

Layer 2

64
Q

Which device will provide network connectivity to 200 hosts on the LAN and allocate dedicated bandwidth to each of the hosts?

A

a Switch

65
Q

Which protocol is used by the ping utility command to test the networking connectivity of the destination host?

A

Internet Control Message Protocol

(ICMP)

66
Q

At which OSI layer do the wireless access points operate?

A

OSI Layer 2

67
Q

What is the size of the Windows field in a TCP packet header?

A

16 Bits

68
Q

Which routing metric is defined as the time that the Internet Protocol (IP) packet takes to travel from source to destination?

A

delay

69
Q

What is the size of the Acknowledgement Number field in a TCP packet header?

A

32 Bits

70
Q

Which ICMP message will be generated if the TYPE field of the ICMP packet header has a value of 0?

A

Echo Reply

71
Q

Which type of ICMP message is generated when a router faces congestion at any of its interfaces?

A

ICMP Source Quench message

72
Q

Which dedicated software or hardware device is used to permit, deny or filter data packets based on different trust levels?

A

a firewall

73
Q

Which type of traffic includes core business applications that are considered critical to the enterprise operations?

A

mission-critical traffic

74
Q

Which protocol is connectionless: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) or User Datagram Protocol (UDP)?

A

UDP

75
Q

What type(s) of cabling is required for a 250-meter cable run?

A

Fiber or ThickNet coaxial

76
Q

Which ICMP message is sent by the router to the source host to use more efficient routing?

A

ICMP Redirect message

77
Q

Which UDP port does the Domain Name Server (DNS) protocol use to communicate with other hosts?

A

UDP port 53

78
Q

Which Cisco IOS command is used to enable the Cisco Discovery Protocol Version 2 (CDPv2) advertising feature on a Cisco device?

A

the

cdp advertise-v2

global configuration command

79
Q

What is the unit of data at the OSI data link layer?

A

Frames

80
Q

Which OSI layer uses IP addressess to communicate with hosts?

A

Network Layer

Layer 3

81
Q

Where does the router store the paths to different networks?

A

The routing table

82
Q

Which Cisco IOS CDP show command can be used to verify whether CDP is enabled on a particular device?

A

the

show cdp neighbors

command

83
Q

At which OSI layer shoud you start troubleshooting if the router interface reports that the protocol is down but the interface is up?

A

OSI Layer 2

84
Q

Which TCP port does Post Office Protocol - Version 2 (POP2) use to communicate with other hosts?

A

TCP port 109

85
Q

What is the name given to the realtime management of the number of packets handled by TCP that can be received without an acknowledgement?

A

windowing

86
Q

Which network device provides a common connection point for network hosts and operates at OSI Layer 1?

A

a hub

87
Q

What are the three approaches for troubleshooting network problems using the OSI layered model?

A

Bottom Up

Top Down

Divide and Conquer

88
Q

Which device converts telephonic signals to digital signals and vice versa to enable a computer to connect to the Internet?

A

a modem

89
Q

Which TCP packet header field contains the control information used for connection establishment?

A

The Flags field

90
Q

What is the name given to the protocol data unit (PDU) at the transport layer?

A

Segment

91
Q

How many fields are in a User Datagram Protocol (UCP) packet header?

A

4

92
Q

What is the name given to the protocol data unit (PDU) at the data link layer ?

Which layer is the Data Link layer?

A

frame

Layer 2

93
Q

What are the two types of delays that are also characteristic of real-time traffic?

A

fixed delay and variable delay

94
Q

Which Cisco proprietary protocol operates at OSI Layer 2 but is capable of obtaining OSI Layer 3 IP address information for directly connected neighboring devices?

A

Cisco Discover Protocol (CDP)

95
Q

Which TCP port is used by ICMP Echo feature to communicate network connectivity status messages for a target host?

A

TCP port 7

96
Q

Which protocol is connection-oriented: TCP or UDP

A

TCP

97
Q

What is the default interval used by CDP to send updates?

A

60 seconds

98
Q

Which Cisco IOS Discovery Protocol (CDP) show command will display the IP address of the connected device?

A

the

show cdp neighbors detail

privileged EXEC mode command

99
Q

Which OSI Transport Layer protocol is used by Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)?

A

UDP

100
Q

Which Cisco IOS Command is used to clear the table that contains the CDP information about neighboring devices?

A

the

clear cdp table

privileged EXEC command

101
Q

Which Layer 3 devices are used to segregate a network into separate broadcast domains?

A

routers

102
Q

Which netowrk device would you use to connect two networks on different IP subnets?

A

Router

103
Q

What is the term used for the variation in the delay between two voice packets?

A

jitters

104
Q

Which ICMP message will be generated if the TYPE field of the ICMP packet header has a value of 8?

A

Echo Request

105
Q

Which TCP packet header field contains the sequence number of the next byte of data that will be sent to the sender of the packet?

A

the Acknowledgement Number field.

106
Q

Which uses less packet overhead Voice traffic or Data traffic?

A

data traffic

107
Q

At which OSI Layer should you start troubleshooting network communication problems if there are data errors due to kinks in the LAN cables?

A

OSI Layer 1

108
Q

What is the size of the Sequence Number field in a TCP packet header?

A

32 bits

109
Q

What is the name of one data unit at the OSI Network Layer?

A

a packet

Layer 3

110
Q

Which OSI Layer 2 software feature allows the creation of broadcast domains on the switch?

A

Virtual Lan (VlLAN)

111
Q

What are three issues inherent to a converged network that can adversely affect voice and video traffic?

A

bandwidth

packet loss

and delays

112
Q

What command is used to enable an interface?

A

no shutdown

113
Q

Which CDP feature allows CDP to include routing information in its periodic update messages to neghboring devices?

A

On-Demand Routing (ODR)

114
Q

At which OSI Layer does the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) operate?

A

transport layer

Layer 4

115
Q

Which OSI transport Layer protocol is used by Domain Name Seystem (DNS) and Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)?

A

UDP

116
Q

What is the term used for process in which the acknowledgement field in TCP packet communicates information to the receiving host about the next byte to be received?

A

forward acknowledgement

117
Q

At what router prompt is the configure terminal command executed?

A

router#

118
Q

At which layer of the OSI model does the windowing process occur to control the flow of data between sender and receiver?

A

transport layer

Layer 4

119
Q

How many octets of an IP address represent the network portion in a Class C address?

A

the first three octets

120
Q

What is the name of the data unit at the OSI transport layer (Layer 4)?

A

a segment

121
Q

From an Internet Service Provider (ISP) standpoint, what is the term used for the edge communication equipment at the customer’s location that connects the customer to the ISP network?

A

Customer Premises Equipment (CPE)

122
Q

Which network device provides filtering for packets based on the transport layer protocol specification?

A

routers, via the use of extended access control lists

123
Q

How many times does the source and destination MAC address of a packet change when a host sends a message to another host across a router?

A

Once; when the packet is routed from the source LAN segment to the other segment.

124
Q

What is the default status of CDP version 2 advertisements on a Cisco device?

A

CDP Version 2 advertisements are enabled by default.

125
Q

Which protocol has less packet overhead; TCP or UDP?

A

UDP

126
Q

Which ICMP message will be generated if the TYPE field of the ICMP packet header has a value of 4?

A

Source Quench

127
Q

Which TCP packet header field indicates whether the header was damaged in transit?

A

the Checksum field

128
Q

What is the term used for IP packets that carry voice signals between two IP phones?

A

Voce over IP (VoIP)

129
Q

Which OSI Layer 2 hardware device is used to create separate collision domains?

A

Switches

130
Q

What is the term used for the number of devices through which a packet passes when traveling from a source to a destination?

A

hop count

131
Q

What is the default status of CDP on a Cisco device interface?

A

CDP is enabled by default

132
Q

Which OSI layered troublshooting model suggests that you should begin troubleshooting from the top-most OSI application layer?

A

Top Down

CCNA ICND1. 640-822 (10 decks)

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