Describe Each Pillar Of British Administration

Question 1

How were Indians discriminated in civil service?

Answer 1

1. Initially, only directors of the company could nominate civil service members.
2. A rule in 1793 stated that Indians were not eligible for posts with salaries £500 or more.
3. The Charter act of 1853 introduced a system of open competition through exams. However, for practical purposes, Indians were still discriminated.

Question 2

Army

Answer 2

1. Bulk were Indian sepoys
2. The company’s army was small at first but grew with territorial expansion
3. By the end of the conquest in India, there were up to 2,00,000 Indian soldier recruits in the army.
4. They were trained with the latest arms
5. The company’s success in establishing hold over Indian rulers encouraged more recruits into the army.
6. However, they were not given too many avenues for promotion

Question 3

Police

Answer 3

1. The police force became strong and meticulous under Lord Cornwallis
2. 1793- superintendent of police for Calcutta
3. Districts- Kotwals
   Thanas ( sub-division of districts)- darogas
4. Hereditary village policeman- chowkidar
5. Higher posts- only British

Question 4

Judiciary

Answer 4

1. Before British rule- laws based on customs and traditions
2. With British rule came judiciary to make sure laws were being followed
3. Bengal Regulation act of 1793
   Some customs and traditions of Hindus and Muslims alike were written in the form of laws.
4. Judiciary shaped properly under Warren Hastings and Lord Cornwallis
5. Civil and criminal courts as well as law commissions were established
6. Rule of law was introduced to ensure that every citizen of India regardless of caste or creed was treated equally.