Dermis Flashcards
Other names for the dermis
true skin, cutis
2 layers of the dermis
papillary and reticular layer
what is contained in the papillary layer (aka dermal papillae)?
- looped capillaries-arteries and veins
- tactile corpuscles-nerve endings
what are the structures found with in the reticular layer?
- fat cells -sudoriferous glands
- blood vessels -hair follicles
- lynph vessels -arrector pili muscle
- sebaceous glands -nerve endings
fat cells
used for insulation and energy reserve
blood vessels
transports blood wich carries oxygen and nutrients to the cells and removes waste products
lymph vessels
filters and removes waste from the extra interstitial fluid
sebaceous gland
produces sebum which lubricates the surface of the skin
sudoriferous gland
excretes wastes and toxings through perspiration
hair follicle
protects against the elements, helps with regulation of body temp, and aids in the transportation of sebum onto the skin
arrector pili muscle
causes goose bumps to help regulate body temp
nerve ending
used for the detection of different sensations
subcutaneous (hypodermis)
- made up of adipose tissue
- regulates body temp
- cushions and protects internal organs and bones
- stores excess energy
- provides shape and contour
- stores fat soluble vit. A,D, E and F
what are the proteins of the dermis?
collagen, elastin and reticulan
collagen
- makes up 70% of the dermis
- gives us Tone
- aids in wound healing
- produced by fibroblast
elastin
-makes up 15% of the dermis
-gives us Elasticity
-when elastin is damaged it is replaced with collagen,
this creates a scar (cicatrix)
reticulan
- makes up 5% of the dermis
- creates a support system for the other structures in the dermis
ground substance
made up of
- proteins
- glycosaminoglycans
glycosaminoglycans
- gel like substance made up of water and protein
- maintans water balance and gives support to the dermis
- contains Hyaluronic Acid (can hold 100x its own weight in water)
what are the specialized cells of the dermis?
- mast cell -lymphocyte
- macrophage -fibroblast
mast cell
- responsible for the inflammatory response
- produces 2 chemicals: histamine and heparin
histamine
causes edema and pruritis
edema
swelling
pruritis
itching
heparin
causes erythema and heat
erythema
redness
lymphocyte
produces antibodies (WBC)
macrophage
engulfs antigens (WBC/large phagocyte)
fibroblast
- cell produces collagen
- vitamin C stimulates fibroblast cells to produce more collagen
