Dermatophytoses

Question 1

Dermatophytoses is caused by

Answer 1

Fungi (dermatophytes

Question 2

Dermatophytes infects

Answer 2

Superficial keratinized structures(skin hair and nails) and not deeper tissues

Question 3

Dermatophytes are filamentpus fungi divide into 3 genera

Answer 3

Microsporum
Epidermatophyton
Trichophyton

Question 4

Microsporum

Answer 4

Infects skin and hair

Question 5

Epidermatophyton

Answer 5

Infects skin and nails

Question 6

Trichophyton

Answer 6

Infects all skin hair and nails

Question 7

Another name for dermatophytes and why

Answer 7

Tinea or ringworm
Because they are rounded or ring shaped found in warm humid body areas

Question 8

Symptoms of dermatophytes

Answer 8

They are Chronic infection of dry painless itching papules and vesicles

Question 9

How do they spread

Answer 9

BY direct contact

Question 10

Microsporum is also
Spread from

Answer 10

Animals eg dogs and cats

Question 11

Tinea capitis

Answer 11

Infection of scalp eyebrows and eyelashes
It can be arthopophilic caused by Microsporum audouini and trichophyton schocleini(favus) or zoonotic caused by micsporum canis and trichophyton verucossum(kerion)

Question 12

Tinea barbae

Answer 12

Infection of beard and moustache in males who share at barbers

Question 13

Tinea cruris

Answer 13

Infection of groins and external genitalia transmitted either sexually (STIs) or through sharing of underwear’s and towels
It starts in groins as red inflamed areas with irregular margins and itchy if scratched they spread to another area specially genitalia

Question 14

Tinea unguium

Answer 14

Infection of the nails(fingers and toes) called onchomycosis in which the nails become lusterless( loose their shiny color) irregular thickened and brittle( easily broken)
Later in infects the nail bed and a lot of debris formed while in paranychia
(Staph aureus infection) the finger become swollen red tender and full of pus

Question 15

Tinea manuum

Answer 15

Infection of hands

Question 16

Tinea pedis

Answer 16

Infection of feet mainly in athlete foot

Question 17

Tinea corporis(body)

Answer 17

it is oval ring inflamed skin lesion with central clearing caused by Epidermatophyton Microsporum and trichophyton in area not included in this anatomic list

Question 18

What test are conducted to distinguish btw dermatophytes and other bacterial infections or psoriasis

Answer 18

Microscopic examination
Culture on sabourauds agar
Uv light from a woods lamp

Question 19

Microscopic exam

Answer 19

Specimens are scraping skin slipping nail or pulling hair (better broken hair) of advanced dermatophyte lesion edge
Place the specimen in 10%KOH or calciflour white preparation, on a glass show septated hyphae under microscope

Question 20

Culture on saburauds agar

Answer 20

At room temp will develop typical hyphae and conidia(for negative microscopic specimens)

Question 21

Uv light from a woods lamp

Answer 21

Tinea capitis lesions caused by Microsporum species can be detected by seeing flurorescence when exposed to this light

Question 22

Treatment

Answer 22

-Local anticipation creams such as terbinafine miconazole and tolnafate
-Nail bed and more extensive skin infections require adding oral griseofulvin or itraconazole
-prevention by general hygiene measures and keep skin dry and cool

Question 23

Tinea versicolor(pityriasis versicolor)

Answer 23

Is a superficial infection of cosmetic importance only

Question 24

Tinea vesicolor is caused by

Answer 24

Malassezia fever

Question 25

Tinea vesicolor is noticed by

Answer 25

Hypo or hyper pigmented areas on tanned skin in the summer

Question 26

Symptoms of Tinea vesicolor

Answer 26

Maybe slight scaling or itching but usually infection is asymptomatic

Question 27

Tinea vesicolor is diagnosed by

Answer 27

Microscopically by seening budding yeast cells and hyphae of skin scraping specimen of prepared in 10% KOH

Question 28

Tinea vesicolor is treated with

Answer 28

Topical miconazole

Question 29

Tinea vesicolor recurrent cases are treated with

Answer 29

Oral fluconazole or itraconazole

Question 30

Tinea nigra

Answer 30

It is the infection of the keratinized layers of the skin appears as brown to black spots

Question 31

Spots of Tinea nigra is caused by

Answer 31

Melanin-like pigment in the septated hyphae of cladosporium werneckii

Question 32

Tinea nigra is transmitted through

Answer 32

During Injury from soil

Question 33

Tinea nigra is diagnosed by

Answer 33

Microscopic examination and culture of skin scrapings

Question 34

Tinea nigra is treated with

Answer 34

A topical keralytic agent eg salicylic acid

Question 35

Piedra

Answer 35

Is an infection of hair characterized by Black nodules attached to the hair shaft Caused by piedraia hortae shows branched hyphae and ascospores in hair sections -white pedra caused by prichosporon cutaneum infects the shaft in hyphae forms