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Mycology > Dermatophytoses > Flashcards

Dermatophytoses Flashcards

1
Q

Dermatophytoses is caused by

A

Fungi (dermatophytes

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2
Q

Dermatophytes infects

A

Superficial keratinized structures(skin hair and nails) and not deeper tissues

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3
Q

Dermatophytes are filamentpus fungi divide into 3 genera

A

Microsporum
Epidermatophyton
Trichophyton

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4
Q

Microsporum

A

Infects skin and hair

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5
Q

Epidermatophyton

A

Infects skin and nails

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6
Q

Trichophyton

A

Infects all skin hair and nails

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7
Q

Another name for dermatophytes and why

A

Tinea or ringworm
Because they are rounded or ring shaped found in warm humid body areas

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8
Q

Symptoms of dermatophytes

A

They are Chronic infection of dry painless itching papules and vesicles

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9
Q

How do they spread

A

BY direct contact

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10
Q

Microsporum is also
Spread from

A

Animals eg dogs and cats

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11
Q

Tinea capitis

A

Infection of scalp eyebrows and eyelashes
It can be arthopophilic caused by Microsporum audouini and trichophyton schocleini(favus) or zoonotic caused by micsporum canis and trichophyton verucossum(kerion)

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12
Q

Tinea barbae

A

Infection of beard and moustache in males who share at barbers

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13
Q

Tinea cruris

A

Infection of groins and external genitalia transmitted either sexually (STIs) or through sharing of underwear’s and towels
It starts in groins as red inflamed areas with irregular margins and itchy if scratched they spread to another area specially genitalia

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14
Q

Tinea unguium

A

Infection of the nails(fingers and toes) called onchomycosis in which the nails become lusterless( loose their shiny color) irregular thickened and brittle( easily broken)
Later in infects the nail bed and a lot of debris formed while in paranychia
(Staph aureus infection) the finger become swollen red tender and full of pus

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15
Q

Tinea manuum

A

Infection of hands

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16
Q

Tinea pedis

A

Infection of feet mainly in athlete foot

17
Q

Tinea corporis(body)

A

it is oval ring inflamed skin lesion with central clearing caused by Epidermatophyton Microsporum and trichophyton in area not included in this anatomic list

18
Q

What test are conducted to distinguish btw dermatophytes and other bacterial infections or psoriasis

A

Microscopic examination
Culture on sabourauds agar
Uv light from a woods lamp

19
Q

Microscopic exam

A

Specimens are scraping skin slipping nail or pulling hair (better broken hair) of advanced dermatophyte lesion edge
Place the specimen in 10%KOH or calciflour white preparation, on a glass show septated hyphae under microscope

20
Q

Culture on saburauds agar

A

At room temp will develop typical hyphae and conidia(for negative microscopic specimens)

21
Q

Uv light from a woods lamp

A

Tinea capitis lesions caused by Microsporum species can be detected by seeing flurorescence when exposed to this light

22
Q

Treatment

A

-Local anticipation creams such as terbinafine miconazole and tolnafate
-Nail bed and more extensive skin infections require adding oral griseofulvin or itraconazole
-prevention by general hygiene measures and keep skin dry and cool

23
Q

Tinea versicolor(pityriasis versicolor)

A

Is a superficial infection of cosmetic importance only

24
Q

Tinea vesicolor is caused by

A

Malassezia fever

25
Q

Tinea vesicolor is noticed by

A

Hypo or hyper pigmented areas on tanned skin in the summer

26
Q

Symptoms of Tinea vesicolor

A

Maybe slight scaling or itching but usually infection is asymptomatic

27
Q

Tinea vesicolor is diagnosed by

A

Microscopically by seening budding yeast cells and hyphae of skin scraping specimen of prepared in 10% KOH

28
Q

Tinea vesicolor is treated with

A

Topical miconazole

29
Q

Tinea vesicolor recurrent cases are treated with

A

Oral fluconazole or itraconazole

30
Q

Tinea nigra

A

It is the infection of the keratinized layers of the skin appears as brown to black spots

31
Q

Spots of Tinea nigra is caused by

A

Melanin-like pigment in the septated hyphae of cladosporium werneckii

32
Q

Tinea nigra is transmitted through

A

During Injury from soil

33
Q

Tinea nigra is diagnosed by

A

Microscopic examination and culture of skin scrapings

34
Q

Tinea nigra is treated with

A

A topical keralytic agent eg salicylic acid

35
Q

Piedra

A

Is an infection of hair characterized by
Black nodules attached to the hair shaft
Caused by piedraia hortae shows branched hyphae and ascospores in hair sections
-white pedra caused by prichosporon cutaneum infects the shaft in hyphae forms

Mycology (4 decks)

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