Dermatophytes

Question 1

Term for Ringworm disease

Answer 1

Dermatophytosis

Question 2

General term for any skin disease

Answer 2

Dermatomycosis

Question 3

Dermatophytes

Answer 3

Keratinophilic fungi that hydrolyzes keratin (skin, nails, hair) as source of Nitrogen

Question 4

Agent for Ringworm Infection

Answer 4

Tinea

Question 5

Active Part of Ringworm

Answer 5

Edges of the ring or the outer ring of an active progressing infection

Question 6

Risks in developing Tinea Infection

Answer 6

Skin or Scalp Injuries
Poor Hygiene
Wet skin

Question 7

Match Me

1. Face a. Pedis
2. Body b. Ungunium
3. Nails c. Capitis
4. Scalp d. Barbae
5. Foot e. Manus
6. Groin f. Cruris
7. Beard g. Corporis
8. Hand h. Faciei

Answer 7

Face - faceie
Body - Corporis
Nails - Ungunium
Scalp - Capitis
Foot - Pedis
Groin - Cruris
Beard - barbae
Hand Manus

Question 8

Three Genera of Dermatophytes

Answer 8

Microsporum “ Spindle shaped” - SKIN:HAIR
Trychophyton “Pencil shaped” - SKIN:HAIR:NAIL
Epidermophyton “Club shaped” - SKIN:NAIL

Question 9

Epidermophyton flocossum

Answer 9

Microscopoic: CLUB SHAPED MACROCONIDIA
Septate Hyphae, Thickened wall
Old culture - Macroconidia may transform to Chlamydoconidia
No microconidia

Question 10

Microsporum

Answer 10

Spindle Shaped
Thick Rough walled, Curved Tip
Wood Lamp - Bright Green

Question 11

M. audonii “Anthrophophilic”

Answer 11

Microscopic:
Spindle Shaped Macroconidia (longer and smoother)
PICTINATE HYPHAE
Chlamydospores (Terminal/Intercillary)

Macroscopic:
Mousy fur in textures
Grayish white to tan “cottony white”
Reverse: Salmon/Peach (PDA); Yellowish Brown (SDA)
Rice grain: Negative/Late *differentiate M. canis

Biochem:
Urease (+); Rice Agar (-); BCP (+)

Diagnosis: ECTOTHRIX INFECTION

Question 12

Differentiate. Ectothrix vs. Endothrix

Answer 12

Ectothrix - growth OUTSIDE shaft

Endothrix - growth INSIDE shaft

Question 13

Positive Reaction of BCP

Answer 13

Alkaline Medium - Dark purple-blue Color

Question 14

M. canis “Zoophilic”

Answer 14

Microscopic:
Septate Hyphae
Large Spindle Shaped macroconidia
Echinulate Thick Walls and a distinct KNOB-LIKE ENDS

Macroscopic:
Yellow Pigment
Reverse - Bright Yellow
Rice Medium - Rapid Growth (+)

Question 15

M. gypseum “Geophilic”

Answer 15

Microscopic:
Oblong Macroconidia with rounded ends
6 compartment cells
Thin Walled

Macroscopic:
Pale Cinnamon colored red surface
Deep cream to tawny buff
Reverse - Cinnamon buff to brown

Diagnosis: Ecothrix infection *(Do not fluoresce in Wood Lamp)

Question 16

Two types of Trichophyton rubrum

Answer 16

1. Downey Type (Tinea pedis)

2. Granular Type (Tinea corporis)

Question 17

Parent strain of the Downey type T. rubrum

Answer 17

T. rubrum Granular Types

Question 18

T. rubrum “Anthropophilic”

Answer 18

Microscopic:
Teardrop shape microconidia
Uncommon pencil shaped macroconidia
Arthroconidia from Hyphae
*BOTH MICRO-MACROCONIDIA ARE SEEN

Macroscopic:
Pink to white pigment
Downey cotton
Reverse - Blood Red (PDA)

Question 19

T. mentagrophytes “Anthropophilic and Zoophilic”

Answer 19

Microscopic: ROUND CLUSTERING “GRAPE-LIKE” MICROCONIDIA
Spiral Hyphae
Sub spherical-Pyriform microconidia
Spherical chlamydoconidia

Macroscopic: Granular, Velvety, Downey

Diagnosis:
+ Urease
+ Hair Perforation

Question 20

T. mentagrophytes “Anthropophilic and Zoophilic”

Answer 20

Microscopic: ROUND CLUSTERING “GRAPE-LIKE” MICROCONIDIA
Spiral Hyphae
Sub spherical-Pyriform microconidia
Spherical chlamydoconidia

Macroscopic: Granular, Velvety, Downey

Diagnosis:
+ Urease
+ Hair Perforation

Question 21

T. verrucosum

Answer 21

Microscopic:
RAT TAIL Shaped Macroconidia
Antler Hyphae “Favic chandelier Hyphae”
Chlamydospores at 35C

Question 22

T. schoenleini

Answer 22

Microscopic:
Swollen Tips - NAIL HEADS
Favic Chandelier - ANTLER SHAPED

Question 23

T. schoenleini

Answer 23

Microscopic:
Swollen Tips - NAIL HEADS
Favic Chandelier - ANTLER SHAPED

Question 24

Hair infection in HONEYCOMB DESTRUCTION of the hair shaft

Answer 24

FAVUS “Tinea favosa”

Question 25

Treatment for Tinea Capitis

Answer 25

Selenium sulfide shampoo
Itraconazole
Terbanifine Hydrochloride