Dermatology Terminology - Jokinen

Question 1

Macule

Answer 1

Definition:
A flat, circumscribed region of skin with different color or texture (example: freckle)

Subtypes
Patch: A large macule (> 1 cm) or a coalescence of macules (example: vitiligo)

Question 2

Papule

Answer 2

A palpable, circumscribed change in consistency or contour of the skin (example: acne vulgaris)

Types:
Nodule: A papule larger than 1 cm in diameter
(example: neurofibroma)
Tumor: A large nodule (example: lymphoma)
Plaque: A coalescence of papules (example:
psoriasis)
Cyst: An encapsulated nodule filled with soft
material (example: epidermal cyst)

Question 3

Vesicle

Answer 3

A circumscribed, clear fluid filled lesion; a blister (example: Herpes simplex)

Bulla A large vesicle (example: bullous
pemphigoid)
Pustule A vesicle filled with inflammatory cells
(example: acne vulgaris)

Question 4

Wheal

Answer 4

A palpable, circumscribed, area of edema with central pallor and peripheral erythema (example: hives) that usually disappears relatively quickly.

Question 5

Purpura

Answer 5

Discoloration of the skin due to the presence of blood in the tissue, outside of blood vessels; will not blanch with pressure (example: vasculitis)

Petechiae A punctate region of purpura (tiny dots)

Question 6

Comedo

Answer 6

A plug within a hair follicle canal which is composed of keratin and sebum; a blackhead (example: acne vulgaris)

Basically it is acne.
blackhead/whitehead depending if closed/open

Question 7

Milium

Answer 7

A white papule composed of whorls of keratinized epidermal cells beneath the skin surface (example: milia)

Question 8

Burrow

Answer 8

A horizontal tunnel in the stratum corneum produced by a parasite (example: scabies)

Question 9

Scaly/Hyperkarototic

Answer 9

Characterized by exfoliation of surface keratin cells (example: psoriasis)

Subtypes
HyperkeratoticHaving very thick scale (example: icthyosis)

Question 10

Crusted

Answer 10

Displaying dried exudate of fluid and/or cellular components on the skin surface.

types:
Serous: Composed of serum or tissue fluid (example: contact dermatitis)
Purulent: Containing pus (example: infection)
Hemorrhagic: Containing red cells; a scab (example: healing herpes zoster)

Question 11

Eroded

Answer 11

Showing a superficial defect in the skin surface which does not penetrate through the epidermis (example: abrasion)
usually from people scratching themselves.

Question 12

Ulcerated

Answer 12

Showing a skin defect which penetrates through the epidermis (example: diabetic foot ulcer)

Question 13

Excoriated

Answer 13

Eroded or ulcerated, often in a linear fashion, due to scratching (example: dermatitis factitia)
Can be from people scratching themselves.

Question 14

Fissured

Answer 14

Split horizontally (example: chronic dermatitis)

Question 15

Erythematous

Answer 15

Reddened; due to vasodilation with increased blood flow. Blanches with pressure (example: viral exanthem)

Question 16

Edematous

Answer 16

Swollen; due to extravasation of serum and lymph into tissue (example: urticaria)

Question 17

Pigmented

Answer 17

Showing changes in color due to melanin pigment

Hyperpigmented Dark; due to increased amount of melanin (example: nevus)

Hypopigmented Light; due to decreased amount of melanin (example: vitiligo)

Question 18

Lichenified

Answer 18

Showing thickening with accentuation of the normal skin markings; usually a sign of chronicity associated with scratching or rubbing (example: atopic dermatitis)

Question 19

Verrucous

Answer 19

Characterized by velvety or roughened wart-like change (example: verruca vulgaris)

Question 20

Telangiectatic

Answer 20

Showing dilated small arterioles or capillaries coursing parallel to the skin surface (example: spider telangiectasia)