Dermatology Terminology Flashcards
1
Q
Macule
A
- Flat area (< 1 cm) characterized by change in color of the skin
1. Erythematous (red)
2. Hyperpigmented (melanotic - black)
3. Hemorrhagic (blood within surface of skin)
2
Q
Patch
A
- Flat area (> 1 cm) characterized by change in color of the skin
1. Erythematous (red)
2. Hyperpigmented (melanotic - black)
3. Hemorrhagic (blood within surface of skin)
3
Q
Papule
A
- Small Solid elevation of the skin (< 1 cm)
4
Q
Plaque
A
- Coalescing papules
5
Q
Pustule
A
- Evolution of the papule
- Small, Pus-filled elevation of epidermis
- Follicular/Non-Follicular/Pan-Follicular
6
Q
Vesicle
A
- Small elevation of the skin which is filled with clear fluid ( < 1 cm)
7
Q
Bulla(e)
A
- Small elevation of the skin which is filled with clear fluid ( > 1 cm)
8
Q
Wheal
A
- “Hive”, or Urticaria
- Well circumscribed, raised area of dermal edema
- Usually erythematous
- Transient
9
Q
Nodule/Tumour
A
- Solid elevation greater than 1 cm
- variable depth + attached to underlying tissues
- Inflammatory, or Neoplastic
10
Q
Erythema
A
- Redness of the skin
- Focal, or Generalized (erythroderma)
- BLANCHES ON DIASCOPY (differentiates it from hemorrhage)
11
Q
Epidermal Collarette
A
- Ring of lifting keratin in a circle
- Represents a ruptured pustule or vesicle
12
Q
Erosion vs Ulcer
A
- Defect in the epidermis
13
Q
Erosion
A
- Defect extends into the epidermis ONLY
- -> Raw Skin, but NOT Bloody
14
Q
Ulcer
A
- Defect extends past the basement membrane and into the DERMIS
- -> Deep and bloody
15
Q
Fissure
A
- Linear Ulcer
16
Q
Excoriation
A
- Self-induced erosion (due to pruritis)
17
Q
Lichenification
A
- Thickening of the skin (Wrinkles, or Elephant skin)
- Secondary to chronic trauma (pruritis) and inflammation*
- More common in glabrous regions (non-haired = inguinal + axilla)**
- Usually accompanied by hyperpigmentation!*
18
Q
Scar
A
- Area of fibrous tissue that has replaced damaged dermis, or subcutaneous tissue
- Most scars are Alopecic, Atrophic and Hypopigmented**
19
Q
Alopecia
A
- Lack of hair where it is normally present
- Complete alopecia
- Partial alopecia (hypotrichosis)
- Patchy Alopecia - multifocal areas
20
Q
Scale
A
- “Dandruff”
- Loose fragment of stratum corneum visible to the naked eye
21
Q
Follicular Cast
A
- Plug of keratinaceous debris
- Adherent to the base of the hair shaft
22
Q
Crust
A
- Accumulation of dried exudate* adhered to the skin
- Underlying skin is excoriated/eroded/ulcerated
23
Q
Comedone
A
- Dilated hair follicle full of keratinaceous debris
- “Blackhead”
24
Q
Leukoderma
A
- White skin due to pigment loss
25
Leukotrichia
- Loss of pigment in the hair (white hair)
26
Pomeranian with sparse hair coat on the trunk. Top differential?
- Alopecia X
27
Ventral Pruritis and alopecia in dog. Top differential?
- Sarcoptic Mange
28
Caudal ("Pants") Pruritis and Alopecia in dog. Top differential?
- Flea Allergy Dermatitis (FAD)
