Clinical Pharmacology and Antibiotic Use

Question 1

Aminoglycosides Toxicity/Adverse Effects

Answer 1

• Nephrotoxic + Ototoxic (deafness)

- AVOID (last resort drug)

Question 2

Cephalosporins + Penicillins Toxicity/Adverse Effects

Answer 2

• Immune-Mediated Diseases (IMHA, or IBD)

Question 3

Doxycycline Toxicity/Adverse Effects

Answer 3

• Esophageal Stricture in Cats

Question 4

Tetracyclines Toxicity/Adverse Effects

Answer 4

• Renal Tubular Disease + Tooth Enamel Erosion(Puppies < 6 months = yellow teeth)

Question 5

Sulfonamides Toxicity/Adverse Effects

Answer 5

• KCS (dry eye)

- Blood Dyscrasia + Polyarthritis (black/tan dogs = Dobermans)

Question 6

Enrofloxacin Toxicity/Adverse Effects

Answer 6

• NO CATS (Blindness)
• Failure of Cartilage Development in Young Animals (large breed dogs)
• +/- Seizures

Question 7

Chloramphenicol Toxicity/Adverse Effects

Answer 7

• Aplastic Anemia in Humans

- OWNER COMPLIANCE is ESSENTIAL (GLOVES)

Question 8

Metronidazole

Answer 8

CNS

Question 9

Treatment of Staph Pyoderma

Answer 9

• Cephalosporin

Question 10

Treatment of Abscesses

Answer 10

Commonly caused by Anaerobes

• Clindamycin (Anaerobic!)
• Clavamox
• Cephalosporins

Question 11

Treatment of Nocardia

Answer 11

• High dose penicillins + Potentiated Sulfa

Question 12

Treatment of Bacterial Pneumonia

Answer 12

Combination Therapy
- Ampicillin (high dose) + Enrofloxacin (Cats use Marbofloxacin)
OR
- Ticarcillin/Clavulanate

Question 13

Treatment of Pyothorax

Answer 13

• Penicillins
  +/- Potentiated Sulfa (If Nocardia)
  +/- Metronidazole

Question 14

Treatment of Upper Respiratory Disease

Answer 14

• Clavamox

- Clindamycin

Question 15

Treatment of Cholangiohepatitis

Answer 15

• Clavamox

+/- Metronidazole

Question 16

Treatment of Bacterial Overgrowth

Answer 16

• Metronidazole

- Tylosin

Question 17

Treatment of Hepatic Encephalopathy

Answer 17

Neomycin (kills gut bugs)

Question 18

Treatment of Diskospondylitis

Answer 18

• Cephalosporin
• Clavamox
  +/- Enrofloxacin
  +/- Chloramphenicol*

Question 19

Treatment of Osteomyelitis

Answer 19

• Clindamycin (FIRST CHOICE FOR BONE)

- Clavamox

Question 20

Treatment of Toxoplasmosis

Answer 20

• Clindamycin

Question 21

Treatment of Encephalitis

Answer 21

• Chloramphenicol*
• Potentiated Sulfas
• Quinolones

Question 22

Treatment of Otitis Media/Interna

Answer 22

• Clavamox

- Chloramphenicol*

Question 23

Treatment of Polyarthritis (shifting leg lameness) caused by Borrelia and Ehrlichia

Answer 23

• Doxycycline (MOST TICK-BOURNE DISEASES)

Question 24

Treatment of UTI

Answer 24

• Clavamox (potentiated penicillin)

Question 25

Treatment of Leptospirosis

Answer 25

- BOTH Ampicillin (Bacteremia) + Doxycycline (Renal carriers)

Question 26

Treatment of Prostate (prostatitis in big male Rotties)

Answer 26

- Enrofloxacin - Potentiated Sulfas - Chloramphenicol*

Question 27

Treatment of Pyometra

Answer 27

Combination Therapy | - Ampicillin + Enrofloxacin