Dermatology intro (Yr 3) Flashcards
are secondary bacterial infection more commonly seen in dogs or cats?
dogs
what is the most common bacterial skin infection seen in cats?
cat bite abscess
what are the top three differentials if disease started when the animals was very young (<1 year old)?
parasites
congenital
food induced atopic dermatitis
what are the top three differentials if disease started when the animal is an adult?
immune mediated
endocrine
food induced atopic dermatitis
what are the top three differentials if disease starts when the animal is elderly?
neoplasia
metabolic
food induced atopic dermatitis
what breed is known for atopic dermatitis?
west highland white terrier
what animals are predisposed to squamous cell carcinomas?
animals with depigmented skin, white coats or sparsely haired regions
if the presentation is chronic, what are the top differentials?
allergy
metabolic
endocrine
neoplastic
if the presentation is acute, what are the top differentials?
parasites
infectious
immune-mediated
hypersensitivity
if the disease is progressive, what are the top differentials?
metabolic
endocrine
neoplastic
if the disease is intermittent, what are the top differentials?
parasites
infections
if the severity off disease waxes and wanes, what is the top differential?
allergic
immune-mediated
what is a good way to quantify the severity of itch, and determine if it is getting worse?
visual analogue scales
what are primary lesions?
lesions that initial eruption develops spontaneously due to underlying disease
what are secondary lesions?
lesions that evolve from a primary lesion or external factor
what are the two main layers of the skin?
epidermis
dermis
what structures are found within the dermis of the skin?
blood vessels and nerves
hair follicles
sebaceous glands
sweat glands
what are the layers of the epidermis?
stratum corneum (superficial)
stratum lucideum
stratum granulosum
stratum basale (deep)
what are some primary lesions?
pustules
papules
papular-macular rash
pigmented macules
alopecia
erythematous plaques/papules
vesicles
what are some secondary lesions?
lichenification
thin skin
crusts
excoriation/erosions
epidermal collarettes
scale
ulcers
comedones
what is lichenification?
thickening of all skin layers in response to chronic inflammation
what is an erosion?
loss of epidermis above the basement membrane
what is an ulcer?
loss of epidermis through the basement membrane and into the dermis
what are the two main distributions of disease?
bilateral symmetrical (inside out disease)
irregular (outside-in disease)
what are the four feline cutaneous reaction patterns?
miliary dermatitis
eosinophilic granuloma complex
head and neck pruritus
symmetrical alopecia
what are the clinical signs of Demodex gatoi?
cats with pruritus
head, neck, truncal alopecia/excoriations
how can Demodex gatoi be diagnosed?
skin scrapes or tape strips
how can Demodex gatoi be treated?
fluralaner
selamectin/sarolaner combination
lime sulphur dip
(also need to treat in contact cats)
what parasites are tape strips indicated for?
Neotrombicula spp.
Cheyletiella spp.
Demodex gatoi
what are the clinical signs of Demodex cati?
comedones
alopecia, erythema, crust, scale
variable pruritus
how is Demodex cati treated?
isoxazolines (flurolaner, selemectin/sarolaner)
what is needed to diagnose Demodex cati?
deep skin scrape
