Dermatology intro (Yr 3)

Question 1

are secondary bacterial infection more commonly seen in dogs or cats?

Answer 1

dogs

Question 2

what is the most common bacterial skin infection seen in cats?

Answer 2

cat bite abscess

Question 3

what are the top three differentials if disease started when the animals was very young (<1 year old)?

Answer 3

parasites
congenital
food induced atopic dermatitis

Question 4

what are the top three differentials if disease started when the animal is an adult?

Answer 4

immune mediated
endocrine
food induced atopic dermatitis

Question 5

what are the top three differentials if disease starts when the animal is elderly?

Answer 5

neoplasia
metabolic
food induced atopic dermatitis

Question 6

what breed is known for atopic dermatitis?

Answer 6

west highland white terrier

Question 7

what animals are predisposed to squamous cell carcinomas?

Answer 7

animals with depigmented skin, white coats or sparsely haired regions

Question 8

if the presentation is chronic, what are the top differentials?

Answer 8

allergy
metabolic
endocrine
neoplastic

Question 9

if the presentation is acute, what are the top differentials?

Answer 9

parasites
infectious
immune-mediated
hypersensitivity

Question 10

if the disease is progressive, what are the top differentials?

Answer 10

metabolic
endocrine
neoplastic

Question 11

if the disease is intermittent, what are the top differentials?

Answer 11

parasites
infections

Question 12

if the severity off disease waxes and wanes, what is the top differential?

Answer 12

allergic
immune-mediated

Question 13

what is a good way to quantify the severity of itch, and determine if it is getting worse?

Answer 13

visual analogue scales

Question 14

what are primary lesions?

Answer 14

lesions that initial eruption develops spontaneously due to underlying disease

Question 15

what are secondary lesions?

Answer 15

lesions that evolve from a primary lesion or external factor

Question 16

what are the two main layers of the skin?

Answer 16

epidermis
dermis

Question 17

what structures are found within the dermis of the skin?

Answer 17

blood vessels and nerves
hair follicles
sebaceous glands
sweat glands

Question 18

what are the layers of the epidermis?

Answer 18

stratum corneum (superficial)
stratum lucideum
stratum granulosum
stratum basale (deep)

Question 19

what are some primary lesions?

Answer 19

pustules
papules
papular-macular rash
pigmented macules
alopecia
erythematous plaques/papules
vesicles

Question 20

what are some secondary lesions?

Answer 20

lichenification
thin skin
crusts
excoriation/erosions
epidermal collarettes
scale
ulcers
comedones

Question 21

what is lichenification?

Answer 21

thickening of all skin layers in response to chronic inflammation

Question 22

what is an erosion?

Answer 22

loss of epidermis above the basement membrane

Question 23

what is an ulcer?

Answer 23

loss of epidermis through the basement membrane and into the dermis

Question 24

what are the two main distributions of disease?

Answer 24

bilateral symmetrical (inside out disease)
irregular (outside-in disease)

Question 25

what are the four feline cutaneous reaction patterns?

Answer 25

miliary dermatitis
eosinophilic granuloma complex
head and neck pruritus
symmetrical alopecia

Question 26

what are the clinical signs of Demodex gatoi?

Answer 26

cats with pruritus
head, neck, truncal alopecia/excoriations

Question 27

how can Demodex gatoi be diagnosed?

Answer 27

skin scrapes or tape strips

Question 28

how can Demodex gatoi be treated?

Answer 28

fluralaner
selamectin/sarolaner combination
lime sulphur dip
(also need to treat in contact cats)

Question 29

what parasites are tape strips indicated for?

Answer 29

Neotrombicula spp.
Cheyletiella spp.
Demodex gatoi

Question 30

what are the clinical signs of Demodex cati?

Answer 30

comedones
alopecia, erythema, crust, scale
variable pruritus

Question 31

how is Demodex cati treated?

Answer 31

isoxazolines (flurolaner, selemectin/sarolaner)

Question 32

what is needed to diagnose Demodex cati?

Answer 32

deep skin scrape