DERMATOLOGY Flashcards
Differentiate condyloma lata vs condyloma acuminata.
• Condyloma lata = secondary syphilis;
• Condyloma acuminata = Human anogenital warts
Removal of the scale causes pinpoint bleeding called __________ is seen in psoriasis.
Auspitz sign
most common infectious complication of varicella
Secondary bacterial superinfection of the skin
What agent should not be used for the treatment of psoriasis?
What is the most common skin cancer?
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) i
standard of care in managing melanoma
Excision biopsy
What is the most aggressive and most common lifethreatening dermatologic disease?
Melanoma
What is the most appropriate diagnostic test for SJS?
Frozen-section skin biopsy
- Crusting, ulcerated nodule or erosion.; ill-defined margins
- Potential for metastasis
Squamous Cell CA
the development of lesions to the site of an epidermal injury known as ________ is seen in psoriasis.
Koebner phenomenon
What is the treatment of choice for severe nodulocystic acne unresponsive to other therapy?
Synthetic retinoid isotretinoin
What is the most accurate test for HSV?
Viral culture
All patients suspected of Pityriasis rosea should have RPR or VDRL test to rule out syphilis. True or false.
true
Condyloma acuminata is seen in ______
HPV/ anogenital warts
What is the most serious complication of varicella?
Varicella pneumonia
most severe form of SJS
TEN
- Begins with “herald” patch several days or weeks before the rest of the lesions develop. The lesions are erythematous, and salmon colored with fine scale (“cigarette paper”).
- The lesions on the back appear as a “Christmas tree pattern”
PITYRIASIS ROSEA
What is the treatment for localized lesions of psoriasis?
Mid-potency Topical steroids
What is the treatment for widespread lesions of psoriasis?
ultraviolet light with oral or topical psoralens (PUVA)
- Multiple violaceous papules on the neck, back, face
- Associated with Herpes virus, HHV-8
- Predominant in patients with HIV
- Effective antiretroviral therapy for HIV infected individuals.
- Systemic chemotherapy with Adriamycin
KAPOSI SARCOMA
What treatment regimen is commonly employed in atopic dermatitis?
Low to mid-potency glucocorticoids
What is the most common variety of psoriasis?
Plaque-type
What causes the hyperpigmentation in chronic state of stasis dermatitis?
Hemosiderin
It is an immune-mediated disease, characterized by erythematous, sharply demarcated papules and plaques covered by silvery micaceous scale.
Psoriasis
What are the ABCDEs of melanoma?
o Asymmetric shape
o Border irregularity
o Color variegation (light or dark)
o Diameter >6mm
o Evolving (enlarging, changing or new lesions)
_______ are a hallmark of SCC when viewed through a dermatoscope.
Dotted or coiled vessels
For moderate to severe acne with a prominent inflammation add systemic therapy, such as ________
tetracycline or doxycycline
What is the drug of choice for mild non-inflammatory acne?
Topical retinoids
What is the most common of all drug-induced reactions?
Morbilliform or maculopapular eruptions
The clinical hallmark of acne vulgaris is _____
COMEDONE
Give examples of drugs that commonly cause SJS or TEN
o Sulfonamides
o Allopurinol
o Anticonvulsants
o NSAID (oxicam)
o Lamotrigine
o Nevirapine
True or false? Humans are the only known reservoir for VZV.
True
Hypo/hyperpigmented patches caused by Malassezia furfur
Tinea versicolor
What is the initial presenting symptom of shingles?
pain
A 40-year-old woman is recently working as a dishwasher in a newly opened restaurant. Since then, she notices a fluid filled rash forming on her hands that are painful and sometime itchy. On examination, there are deep-seated vesicles on palms and fingers as shown.
DYSHIDROTIC ECZEMA
Describe the distribution of lesion in scabies.
Circle of Hebra
(imaginary circle formed by web spaces of fingers, flexor aspect of the wrist, cubital fossae, anterior axillary folds, nipple area, periumbilical region genital area)
What is the most prominent characteristic of atopic dermatitis?
Pruritus
Herpes labialis can be due to ____
HSV-1 or HSV-2
Etiologic agent of Seborrheic dermatitis.
Pityrosporum ovale
- Central ulceration with pearly, rolled, telangiectatic tumor border.
- Locally invasive. Rarely metastatic.
- The nose is the most common site.
- Remember 3Ps: Papule, pearly, pink
Basal cell CA
Condyloma lata is seen in ___
secondary syphilis
Herpes simplex infection of the genital is due to ____
HSV-2
most severe form of erythema multiforme
SJS
What is the most debilitating complication of shingles?
Pain with acute neuritis and postherpetic neuralgia
o <10% TBS area = _____
o 10-30% TBS area = _____
o > 30% TBS area = ______
o <10% TBS area = SJS
o 10-30% TBS area = SJS/TEN overlap
o > 30% TBS area = TEN
What do you call this condition wherein there is resorption of bones in hands and wrists due to the collapse of the soft tissues in the fingers, a phenomenon sometimes referred to as “telescoping fingers”. This is seen in what disease entity?
Arthritis mutilans
Psoriatic arthritis
Widespread disease is “crusted” or hyperkeratotic (Norwegian scabies) and responds with ______
Ivermectin
Syndrome observed in Herpes Zoster characterized as:
o Pain and vesicles in the external auditory canal
o Loss of taste in anterior 2/3 of the tongue
o Ipsilateral facial palsy
Ramsay Hunt syndrome
What is the pathophysiology of this condition Herpes Zoster/shingles?
Reactivation of latent VZV from dorsal root ganglia
most important risk factor for basal cell carcinoma
Sun exposure
What is the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis?
Impaired epidermal barrier
What is the most indicated therapy for stasis dermatitis?
Leg elevation and compression stockings
A 22-year-old man presents with rash on the extensor surface of his elbow and on his gluteal area. On physical examination, there are well demarcated small and large erythematous plaques with adherent silvery scale and the nails reveal the presence of pitting as shown in the images.
Psoriasis
What the most prevalent of all dermatophytosis?
Tinea pedis (Athlete’s foot)
What is the best initial test for HSV?
Tzanck smear
“dewdrops on a rose petal”
VARICELLA ZOSTER / CHICKENPOX
KOH prep shows “spaghetti and meat-balls” pattern consistent with both hyphae and yeast balls.
Tinea versicolor
