Dermatology

Question 1

Telangectasia

Answer 1

dilation of superficial vessels

Question 2

Petechia

Answer 2

tiny red macules caused by capillary hemorrhage under skin

DON’T BLANCHE

Question 3

Purpura

Answer 3

larger purple lesion cause by bleeding under skin

Question 4

Acute Urticaria

Answer 4

HIVES
- rash that comes and goes –> caused by histamine release triggered by allergens
- diagnosis - can blood test for allergens or skin testing
TX - avoid allergens, symptomatic tx

Question 5

Atopic History

Answer 5

ATOPIC TRIAD
atopic dermatitis (eczema)
asthma
allergic rhinitis

Question 6

Seborrheic Dermatitis

Answer 6

common in infants, no harm from condition

Tx - baby oil, small brush, frequent shampoo, low potency cream if necessary

Question 7

Stages of acne

Answer 7

Comedones
- open vs. closed
Inflamed -> papules/pustules
Nodulo-cystic acne

Question 8

Acne triggers

Answer 8

make-up, mechanical manipulation, occlusion, overzealous cleaning

Question 9

Impetigo

Answer 9

staph aureus and GAS

• topical antibiotics (mupiorcin)
• don’t want abscess to form!!

Question 10

Acute contact dermatitis

Answer 10

vesicles, edema, erythema, pruritic

poison ivy

Question 11

Topical steroids

Answer 11

Mild - hydrocortisone
Intermediate - triamcinolone
Potent - betamethasonedipropionate
Super potent - clobetasol
SE: atrophy, telangectasias, hypopigmentation

Question 12

Tx for head lice

Answer 12

1% permethrin lotion
benzyl alcohol or malathion
Lindane
Brushing and washing bedding
Sealing unwashables in air tight bag (2-4 weeks)

Question 13

Scabies

Answer 13

itching at night as mite burrows into skin (wrist, elbows, fingers, toes)
- secondary infections are possible
Tx = permethrin at night

Question 14

Ringworm

Answer 14

caused by fungi –> KOH scraping

lesion: mildly pruritic, annular, well-circumscribed, scaly plaque

Question 15

Warts and Molluscum Contagiosum

Answer 15

Warts - HPV

Molluscum Contagiosum - virus, looks like wart but has central dimple

Question 16

Diaper Rash

Answer 16

Irritant dermatitis - prolonged exposure to moisture, friction (tx with zinc oxide)
Diaper Candidiasis - erythematous papule –> satellite lesions (nystatin- anti-fungal)
Bacterial Infection - GAS, cellulitis (oral ABx)

Question 17

Key findings for allergic reaction

Answer 17

family history of atopy
recurrent rapid onset and resolution of rash
pruritis
history of response to antihistamines

Question 18

Urticaria type 1 hypersensitivity

Answer 18

classic pruritic lesion, circumscribed, raised, wheal

• histamine release
• lasts 12-24 hours
• triggered by allergen

Question 19

Streptococcal infection

Answer 19

rash of scarlet fever

fine, erythematous sandpaper-like rash

Question 20

Erythema multiforme

Answer 20

acute hypersensitivity

• symmetrical rash that evolves into sharply demarcated wheals –> target lesions
• lesions stay fixed for weeks

Question 21

Roseola

Answer 21

viral exanthem that follows 3-5 days of febrile illness
HHV-6
- starts on trunk and spreads to extremities

Question 22

Erythema infectiosum

Answer 22

rash starts on slapped-cheeks and progresses to trunk and extremities
parvovirus B19

Question 23

Erythema migrans

Answer 23

lesion associated with lyme disease

- red papule that progresses to “target” sign

Question 24

Tx of acne

Answer 24

Mild - OTC benzoyl peroxide
Moderate - ABx, BPO
Severe - dermatologist, isotrtinoin

Question 25

Tx of warts

Answer 25

salicylic acid