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Derm > Derm > Flashcards

Derm Flashcards

1
Q

how to test for fungi and dermatophytes

A

KOH exam

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2
Q

how to test for herpes/varicella zoster

A

Tzanck test (cytologic test)

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3
Q

how to test for tinea versocolor

A

wood light examination

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4
Q

how to test for scabies

A

skin scrapings

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5
Q

how do you treat acne in infants

A

YOU DONT

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6
Q

pustule formation results from proliferation of what bacteria

A

propionibacterium acnes
coag negative staph
yeast malassezia furfur

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7
Q

treatment for acne first line monotherapy

A

topical retinoids (tretinoin, adapalene, tazarotene)

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8
Q

what treatment can you add to topical retinoids

A

benzoyl peroxide

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9
Q

cause of ichthyosis

A

ichthyosis vulgaris

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10
Q

treatment for ichthyosis

A

ammonium lactate

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11
Q

treatment of atopic dermatitis

A

emollients/lubricants (aquaphor, cetaphil, eucerin, vaseline) (not lotions)
steroid creams/ointments

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12
Q

dyshydrotic eczema manifests as

A

pruritic vesicular rash of hands/feet

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13
Q

treatment of dyshydrotic eczema

A

high potency topical steroids

antiperspirants

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14
Q

Stratum corneum compromise

Direct chemical irritation of epidermis

A

irritant contact dermatitis

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15
Q

treatment of irritant contact dermatitis

A

clean and dry

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16
Q

treatment for allergic contact dermatitis

A

corticosteroids (topical or systemic)

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17
Q

Greasy, yellow (or salmon) colored, scaling lesions lesions. Non-pruritic “cradle cap”

A

seborrheic dermatitis

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18
Q

treatment for seborrheic dermatitis

A

topical steroids, antiseborrheic shampoos

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19
Q

two pigmented lesions associated with systemic disease

A

Cafe au lait- neurofibromatosis (greater than 6 & axillary)
Ash leaf

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20
Q

Mongolian Spots
Melanocytic Nevi
Salmon patches, nevus simplex, port-wine stain
Hemangiomas

A

Birthmarks

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21
Q

giant melanocytic nevi can develop into

A

malignant melanoma

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22
Q

Flat slate grey to blue
Usually lumbrosacral, buttocks –can be elsewhere
Accumulation of melanocytes

A

Mongolian spots

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23
Q

Cutaneous distribution of port wine stain,

1st branch of trigeminal nerve

A

Sturge Weber syndrome

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24
Q

Salmon patches, vascular, fade away

A

hemangiomas

25
Q

Well demarcated, erythematous, scaly papules and plaques

A

Psoriasis

26
Q

Treatment for psoriasis

A

topical steroidsCoal tar, Sunlight, moisturizers, methotrexate in diffuse or pustular cases

27
Q

skin disorder with Herald patch

with cleavage lines (christmas tree distribution)

A

Pityriasis Rosea

28
Q

treatment of pityriasis rosea

A

NONE (can use antihistamines, low potency steroids)

29
Q

“honey colored crust”with red base, often nasolabial area

A

impetigo

30
Q

causative agent for impetigo

A

staph aureus

GAS can cause it too

31
Q

treatment of impetigo

A

Anti-staph antibiotic (cephalexin effective for strep, MSSA; clindamycin for all strep and staph). Mupirocin (Bactroban®) or retapamulin (Altabax®) if disease is localized

32
Q

treatment of bullous impetigo

A

systemic antibiotics

33
Q

complication of impetigo

A

Acute Post-streptococcal Glomerulonephritis (APSGN)

34
Q

Cause of cellulitis/abscess

A

staph, if streaking then strep

35
Q

cause of staph scalded skin

A

staph aureus

36
Q

Annular or nummular scaling red plaques
Often with “trailing scale”
Pruritic

A

tinea corporis

37
Q

treatment of tinea corporis

A

Topical imidazoles (clotrimazole, miconazole, econazole, NOT nystatin)

38
Q

ring like lesions to be aware of

A 
granuloma annulare
nummular eczema
erythema chronicum migrans
staph impetigo
erythma multiforme
39
Q

treatment of tinea capitis

A

Topical treatment is ineffective (azoles dont work)

Griseofulvin or other oral medications

40
Q

something looks like tinea pedis in kids… what most likely is it?

A

Eczema, or juvenille plantar dermatosis

41
Q

treatment tinea cruris and pedis

A

topical azoles

42
Q

treatment for tinea versicolor

A

selenium sulfide

topical antifungals

43
Q

satellite lesions in the diaper are classic for

A

candidia

44
Q

treatment for candida

A

nystatin

45
Q

causative agent of warts

A

HPV

46
Q

treatment for flat warts

A

Retin-A

47
Q

treatment for verrucous warts

A

freezing

keratolytics (salicylic acid)

48
Q

cause of moluscum contagiosum

A

MCV I, MCV II (pox viruses)

49
Q

Pearly papules – pinhead to 1 cm in size
Large lesions have central dimple
May have few to hundreds of lesions

A

Molluscum contagiosum

50
Q

treatment of molluscum contagiosum

A

curettage
liquid nitrogen
podophyllin

51
Q

treatment for scabies

A

Permethrin

Lindane - not kids <110 lbs

52
Q

treatment of pediculosis capitis

A

Permethrin
pyrethrum
shampoos
nit comb

53
Q

target lesions (bull’s eye), itchy, red, edema, macule –> papule, vesicles, bullae; in exposed areas

A

erythema multiforme

54
Q

causes of erythema multiforme

A 
HSV* 
Mycoplasm pneumonia
Other infections, HSV
Drug reactions
Idiopathic
55
Q 
Severe bullous form of erythema multiforme
Includes mucous membranes
Conjunctivitis
Mouth ulceration
PRECEDED BY UPPER RESPIRATORY INFECTION
A

stevens johnson syndrome

56
Q

meds that cause SJS

A

Antibiotics containing penicillin, sulfa or tetracyclines
NSAIDs- including naproxen and ibuprofen
Anticonvulsants - carbamazepine or phenytoin

57
Q

Drug reaction causing blistering and peeling of skin. Severe form of SJS

A

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

58
Q

Classic form in adolescence is localized to scalp and intertriginous areas and may include blepharitis and external auditory canal

A

seborrheic dermatitis

59
Q

treatment for kawosakis

A

IVIG, high dose aspirin

Derm (4 decks)

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