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Derm Flashcards

1
Q

how to test for fungi and dermatophytes

A

KOH exam

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2
Q

how to test for herpes/varicella zoster

A

Tzanck test (cytologic test)

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3
Q

how to test for tinea versocolor

A

wood light examination

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4
Q

how to test for scabies

A

skin scrapings

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5
Q

how do you treat acne in infants

A

YOU DONT

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6
Q

pustule formation results from proliferation of what bacteria

A

propionibacterium acnes
coag negative staph
yeast malassezia furfur

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7
Q

treatment for acne first line monotherapy

A

topical retinoids (tretinoin, adapalene, tazarotene)

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8
Q

what treatment can you add to topical retinoids

A

benzoyl peroxide

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9
Q

cause of ichthyosis

A

ichthyosis vulgaris

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10
Q

treatment for ichthyosis

A

ammonium lactate

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11
Q

treatment of atopic dermatitis

A

emollients/lubricants (aquaphor, cetaphil, eucerin, vaseline) (not lotions)
steroid creams/ointments

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12
Q

dyshydrotic eczema manifests as

A

pruritic vesicular rash of hands/feet

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13
Q

treatment of dyshydrotic eczema

A

high potency topical steroids

antiperspirants

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14
Q

Stratum corneum compromise

Direct chemical irritation of epidermis

A

irritant contact dermatitis

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15
Q

treatment of irritant contact dermatitis

A

clean and dry

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16
Q

treatment for allergic contact dermatitis

A

corticosteroids (topical or systemic)

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17
Q

Greasy, yellow (or salmon) colored, scaling lesions lesions. Non-pruritic “cradle cap”

A

seborrheic dermatitis

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18
Q

treatment for seborrheic dermatitis

A

topical steroids, antiseborrheic shampoos

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19
Q

two pigmented lesions associated with systemic disease

A

Cafe au lait- neurofibromatosis (greater than 6 & axillary)
Ash leaf

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20
Q

Mongolian Spots
Melanocytic Nevi
Salmon patches, nevus simplex, port-wine stain
Hemangiomas

A

Birthmarks

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21
Q

giant melanocytic nevi can develop into

A

malignant melanoma

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22
Q

Flat slate grey to blue
Usually lumbrosacral, buttocks –can be elsewhere
Accumulation of melanocytes

A

Mongolian spots

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23
Q

Cutaneous distribution of port wine stain,

1st branch of trigeminal nerve

A

Sturge Weber syndrome

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24
Q

Salmon patches, vascular, fade away

A

hemangiomas

25
Well demarcated, erythematous, scaly papules and plaques
Psoriasis
26
Treatment for psoriasis
topical steroidsCoal tar, Sunlight, moisturizers, methotrexate in diffuse or pustular cases
27
skin disorder with Herald patch | with cleavage lines (christmas tree distribution)
Pityriasis Rosea
28
treatment of pityriasis rosea
NONE (can use antihistamines, low potency steroids)
29
“honey colored crust”with red base, often nasolabial area
impetigo
30
causative agent for impetigo
staph aureus | GAS can cause it too
31
treatment of impetigo
Anti-staph antibiotic (cephalexin effective for strep, MSSA; clindamycin for all strep and staph). Mupirocin (Bactroban®) or retapamulin (Altabax®) if disease is localized
32
treatment of bullous impetigo
systemic antibiotics
33
complication of impetigo
Acute Post-streptococcal Glomerulonephritis (APSGN)
34
Cause of cellulitis/abscess
staph, if streaking then strep
35
cause of staph scalded skin
staph aureus
36
Annular or nummular scaling red plaques Often with “trailing scale” Pruritic
tinea corporis
37
treatment of tinea corporis
Topical imidazoles (clotrimazole, miconazole, econazole, NOT nystatin)
38
ring like lesions to be aware of
``` granuloma annulare nummular eczema erythema chronicum migrans staph impetigo erythma multiforme ```
39
treatment of tinea capitis
Topical treatment is ineffective (azoles dont work) | Griseofulvin or other oral medications
40
something looks like tinea pedis in kids... what most likely is it?
Eczema, or juvenille plantar dermatosis
41
treatment tinea cruris and pedis
topical azoles
42
treatment for tinea versicolor
selenium sulfide | topical antifungals
43
satellite lesions in the diaper are classic for
candidia
44
treatment for candida
nystatin
45
causative agent of warts
HPV
46
treatment for flat warts
Retin-A
47
treatment for verrucous warts
freezing | keratolytics (salicylic acid)
48
cause of moluscum contagiosum
MCV I, MCV II (pox viruses)
49
Pearly papules – pinhead to 1 cm in size Large lesions have central dimple May have few to hundreds of lesions
Molluscum contagiosum
50
treatment of molluscum contagiosum
curettage liquid nitrogen podophyllin
51
treatment for scabies
Permethrin | Lindane - not kids <110 lbs
52
treatment of pediculosis capitis
Permethrin pyrethrum shampoos nit comb
53
target lesions (bull's eye), itchy, red, edema, macule --> papule, vesicles, bullae; in exposed areas
erythema multiforme
54
causes of erythema multiforme
``` HSV* Mycoplasm pneumonia Other infections, HSV Drug reactions Idiopathic ```
55
``` Severe bullous form of erythema multiforme Includes mucous membranes Conjunctivitis Mouth ulceration PRECEDED BY UPPER RESPIRATORY INFECTION ```
stevens johnson syndrome
56
meds that cause SJS
Antibiotics containing penicillin, sulfa or tetracyclines NSAIDs- including naproxen and ibuprofen Anticonvulsants - carbamazepine or phenytoin
57
Drug reaction causing blistering and peeling of skin. Severe form of SJS
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
58
Classic form in adolescence is localized to scalp and intertriginous areas and may include blepharitis and external auditory canal
seborrheic dermatitis
59
treatment for kawosakis
IVIG, high dose aspirin

Derm (4 decks)

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