Dermatology Flashcards
Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema) is associated w/ atopic triad (eczema, allergic rhinitis, and asthma). Pruritus is HALLMARK. MC found in _____ (part of body).
Flexor creases
Treatment for eczema involves:
Topical corticosteroids and antihistamines (benadryl, hydroxyzine)
____ occurs in areas of high sebaceous gland over secretion (scalp, face, brows, body folds). Called “cradle cap” in infants.
Sebhorrheic Dermatitis
*Tx- Selenium sulfide, ketoconazole shampoo/cream, Systemic antifungals- ‘azoles’
____ is used to treat perioral dermatitis.
Topical Flagyl
Want to AVOID _____ when treating perioral dermatitis.
Topical steroids
Dyshidrosis (Dyshidrotic Eczema) is triggered by sweating and emotional stress. S/s include: pruritic “tapioca-like” tense vesicles on the soles, palms, and fingers.
Treatment= Topical steroids
Common drugs that cause Erythema Multiforme are:
Sulfas, PCNS, phenobarb, dilantin
Meds for specific rashes…
- Exanthematous/Morbilliform= oral antihistamine
- Drug induced urticaria/angioedema= systemic corticosteroids, antihistamines
- Anaphylaxis= IM Epi
- Erythema Minor= symptomatic therapy
Erythema Multiforme is associated with ___ (specific infectious cause).
HSV
*Also- Mycoplasma in kids and certain meds (sulfas, PCNs, etc)
S&S of erythema multiforme are:
TARGET lesions. Purpuric macules/vesicles or bullae in the center surrounded by pale rim & a peripheral red halo
- Often febrile
- <10% of BSA, NO EPIDERMAL DETACHMENT
What meds are MC related to SJS and TEN?
Sulfas, anticonvulsants, NSAIDs, Allopurinol, ABX
To be classified as TEN > ___% of BSA must be sloughing off.
> 30%- May develop skin necrosis
How are SJS and TEN treated?
Treated like burns–> burn unit admission, fluids and electrolytes!, wound care
_____ is associated with 5 P’s. Purple, Polygonal, Planar, and Pruritic Papules. There is an increased incidence with Hep C.
Lichen Planus
- WICKHAM STRIAE
- Tx: Topical corticosteroid AND symptomatic tx
_____ can mimic syphilis. It is associated with a HERALD PATCH on the trunk w/ general exanthem 1-2 weeks later that appear in a CHRISTMAS TREE PATTERN.
Pityriasis Rosea
*Tx: None need, usually resolves in 6-12 weeks
Keratin hyperplasia leading to PLAQUE that is MC seen on extensor surfaces of elbows/knees, scalp, and nape of neck is known as _____.
Psoriasis
*Also nail pitting w/ yellow-brown discoloration under the nail (oil spot)
“Pencil in cup” deformity is associated with what condition?
Psoriatic arthritis
-Sausage digits!
Treatment of Psoriasis involves:
Mild-Moderate: topical steroids
Moderate-Severe: Phototherapy
-Systemic treatment- methotrexate, cyclosporine, retinoids, etc.
_____ is an autoimmune blistering skin disease.
Bullous Pemphigoid
*Esp in groin, axilla, abdomen, and flexural areas
**Treatment= topical corticosteroids if mild, applied to early lesions to prevent blisters
_____ is an autoimmune d/o that affects young patients (30s-40s) and involves oral mucosa/membrane erosions and ulcerations that bleed easily.
Pemphigous Vulgaris
- Dx- skin biopsy
- Treatment- high-dose corticosteroids, MTX
_____ is a result of increased sebum production.
Acne vulgaris
Treatment of acne at different levels of severity…
- Mild: topical retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, topical ABX (clinda), OCPs
- Moderate: See above + oral ABX +/- anti-androgen agents (Spironolactone)
- Severe (nodular or cystic): Isotretinoin (Accutane)
* Be sure to monitor psych, LFTs, TG, lipids, etc
* *Highly TERATOGENIC!!
Vasomotor instability that is MC in males >30y and triggered by ETOH and hot foods/weather/baths is known as _____.
Rosacea
*NO comedones- distinguished it from acne
_____ is 1st line treatment for Rosacea.
Flagyl (Metronidazole- think you get “flushed” when you’re on the hot Metro).
____ is MC in elderly w/ prolonged sun exposure. It is a premalignant condition to squamous cell carcinoma.
Actinic Keratosis
- Dx- punch or shave biopsy
- *Treatment- observation, surgical, or medical (topical 5-FU)
____ is MC benign skin tumor. Appears as a small papule/plaque velvety, warty lesion that can be grey, brown, black or flesh-colored.
Seborrheic Keratosis
____ is used to treat Lice.
Permethrin (2nd line= Lindane)
Mites are transmitted through prolonged skin to skin contact or fomite. When the females burrow under the skin and lay eggs, creating very itchy lesions and LINEAR BURROWS this is known as ______.
Scabies
*Burrows commonly found in intertriginous zones (finger/toe webbings, scalp, groin; spares neck and face)
How is scabies treated?
Permethrin topical
Blanched area with erythematous margin, “red halo” is associated w/ what type of bite?
Brown Recluse
*Tx- Symptom relief, Tetanus prophylaxis, debridement in some cases, and ABX if infxn present