Dermatology Flashcards
What are the risk factors for BCC?
Sun exposure
Fair skin
Xeroderma pigmentosum
What is the typical morphology of BCC?
Pink
Pearly
Papule / nodule
Talengetasia
Where on the body are BCCs found?
Face, head and neck
Which condition is a precursor to SCC?
Actinic Keratosis
What is the typical appearance of actinic keratosis?
Scaly plaques
Forehead / face
Rough gritty texture on touch
What are the risk factors for actinic keratosis?
Fair skin Age Family history Sun exposure Immunosuppression
What is the order of mortality for SCC, BCC and MM?
From highest mortality to lowest mortality
MM > SCC > BCC
What is the treatment for SCC?
Excision and desiccation
Alternatively: Radiation or 5-FU cream
How do you assess an acquired mole / melanoma?
ABCDE
- Asymmetry
- Borders
- Colour
- Diameter >6mm
- Evolving
Refer if more than 3
What are the features of MM?
Pigmented papules / plaues / nodules
May crust, bleed or erode
What are the risk factors for melanoma?
Family hx Sun exposure Tanning booth use Fair skin/hair/eyes Old age
What is the glascow 7 criteria for moles and melanomas?
When should one excise a mole?
Change in
Major
- Size
- Shape
- Colour
Minor
- Diameter >7mm
- Inflammation
- Oozing / bleeding
- Itch / odd sensation
Any lesion with 1 major feature should be considered for EXCISION.
What are the features of Rosacea?
How may you differentiate symptoms and features of Rosacea from SLE?
Facial redness
Telangiectasias
Worse with sun, hot spicy foods, alcohol
No comedones (unlike acne vulgaris)
Dx from SLE by
- Triggers
- photosensitivity
- oral ulcers
- discoid lesions
- malar rash
Which part of the body does atopic dermatitis spare?
The nose
Unlike rosacea or acne vulgaris which does affect nose
What are the features of eczematous lesions?
Itchy erythematous cracked and dry Weeping clear fluid Scaly
Which sites does eczema affect in todlers and babies?
Cheeks
Scalp
Extensor surfaces
Which sites does eczema affect children/adolescents?
neck
wrists
elbows
ankles
Which sites does eczema affect in adults?
hands wrists ankles face feet
Which bacterial infections does actopic dermatitis make people succeptible to?
Staph
GAS
What is the treatment and management of atopic dermatitis?
Avoid triggers (e.g. dry skin, irritants) Skin care (tepid baths, mild soaps, moisturisers) Acute inflammation - topical steroid, antihistamines
What is the steps up the steroid cream ladder?
HEBD
Hydrocortisone (0.5% or 1%)
Eumovate
Betnovate
Dermovate
What are some causes of contact dermatitis?
Allergic reaction to an irritant e.g.
- poison ivy
- metal (nickel)
- topical medications
- cosmetics
Irritating chemicals (not an allergy like the above, everyone will react to these with dermatitis)
How is contact dermatitis treated?
Low potent steroid on face, higher used elsewhere
Hydrocortisone cream
Eumovate
How does seborrheic dermatitis present and where on the body does it usually manifest?
Cradle Cap
- Mild dermatitis caused by fungus
- Scaly, greasy, flakly, itchy, red skin
- Sebaceous glands of skin affected such as nasolabial fold, scalp, hairline, eyelids, eyebrows, central face, ear canals, central chest
