Dermatology Flashcards
Acne vulgaris: Hx/CC/PE
teenager w/ ♣ Blackheads ♣ Whiteheads ♣ Cysts ♣ Pustules
Acne vulgaris: Tx
Mild cases:
- Keep skin clean, but not dried out. Wash twice a day but avoid over washing
- Some data shows worsening symptoms with a diet high in sugar and milk products
Moderate cases: topical keratolytic/comedolytics - retinoids - azelaic acid - salicylic acid OR abx/keratolytic - benzoyl peroxide (DOC, low resistance) *allow 4-6 wks to work
More severe cases: Oral Terapies
- Tetracycline is the historical favourite
- Erythromycin
- allow 2-4wks to work
- OCP (for hirsutism, PCOS, premenstrual flares)
- spironolactone (for poor OCP candidates)
- Accutane – may only be prescribed by a dermatologist with special approval due to the possibility of severe side effects. (dry eyes and mouth, mood swings, joint pains, visual changes, leukopenia, + teratogenic)
Acne vulgaris prognosis
usually ends by age 25
Measles/Rubeola (First Disease) - how to prevent?
MMR vaccine (to prevent death)
Live attenuated vaccine is given at 12 months old and a booster is given before a child enters school.
Measles/Rubeola (First Disease) - S/SXS or clinical presentation?
- Fever
- Malaise
- Coryza
- Cough
- Conjunctivitis
- Koplik spots are pathognomonic (These a clusters of white spots on the buccal mucosa. These fade as the rash begins to appear.)
- Rash:
- Appears 3-5 days after first signs of illness and may last up to a week.
- Begins behind the ears moves to the face and neck and then travels down
- Red blanching macule
- Pruritic
- Lesions darken to brown and fade in the order that they appear
Measles/Rubeola (First Disease)- lx
Clinical diagnosis
Viral culture
Measles/Rubeola (First Disease)- Tx
- Supportive care
- Self limiting disease (7-10 days) only progressing with secondary infection (complication = subactue sclerosing panencephalitis)
Scarlet Fever (2nd Disease) - Clinical presentation
Strep throat with a rash
Scarlet Fever (2nd Disease) - infecting agent
GAS
Scarlet Fever (2nd Disease) - S/SXS
1) pharyngitis
2) Sandpaper Rash:
- Like a painful sunburn with tiny bumps that blanch with pressure.
- May be itchy
- Starts on neck, face and chest with circumoral pallor.
- Lasts about 6 days and desquamates (peels)
3) Bright red swollen strawberry tongue
Scarlet Fever (2nd Disease) - Tx
Antibiotics x 10 days
Pen V or Amox to prevent sequelae of rheumatic fever
Rubella/German Measles (Third Disease) - Also called?
3 Day Measles
Rubella/German Measles (Third Disease) - What is the infecting agent?
Rubella virus
Rubella/German Measles (Third Disease) - How to prevent?
MMR vaccine
Rubella/German Measles (Third Disease) - What’s one of the biggest issues with this disease?
If a pregnant mother gets rubella within the first 20 weeks of pregnancy there is a 20% risk of spontaneous abortion. In addition to this the child may have severe permanent congenital defects.
