Dermatology Flashcards
What is this rash? In what kids is it commonly seen?
Erythema toxicum - seen in neonates often 2-5d after birth, but up to 2 weeks
Typically transient, quickly appearing and disappearing with no systemic illness
What is this rash?
Milia
What has this child got? Describe the disease and what is it caused by?
Slapped cheek/fifth disease/erythema infectiosum
Caused by Parvovirus B19 infection
Erythematous rash characteristically starting on cheeks + spreading and lace like, can be mild systemic upset
Can you get slapped cheek disease more than once?
No - immune after 1 infection
Is slapped cheek disease infectious? When?
Yes - before rash develops
In what 2 groups of kids may slapped cheek disease have serious complications?
Anaemias e.g. SCD, thalassaemia
Immunocompromised
What could this rash be? What history would make it more likely rubella?
Rubella, measles or roseola
Rubella if also marked lymphadenopathy (suboccipital, postauricular) with headache and Forchheimer spots in soft palate
What spots are pathognomonic of rubella and where are they?
Forcheimer spots - petechiae on soft palate
What could this rash be? What would make it more likely measles?
Measles, rubella, roseola
Measles more likely if coryzal prodrome, Koplik’s spots on buccal mucosa and rash spreading from hairline behind ears caudally
What are these and what are they pathognomonic of?
Koplik spots - Measles
What has this child got? What causes it?
Scarlet fever - GAS (pyogenes)
What is this characteristic of?
Scarlet fever
What has this child got? What are the two most common causes?
Hand foot and mouth disease
Picornaviruses e.g. coxsackie A16 and enterovirus 71
What could this child have? What would make it more likely roseola?
Measles, rubella, roseola
More likely roseola if high fever for a few days then macpap rash appearing on chest and spreading to limps as fever subsides
What causes roseola? Who gets it? Relatively common complication?
HHV6 infection in kids 6m - under 2
Febrile convulsions quite common
What may precede the characteristic lesions of hand foot and mouth?
Oral ulcers
Warm CREAM of Kawasaki disease?
Warm - high temp for at least 5d
Conjunctivitis (non purulent)
Rash - polymorphic, non-vesicular
Erythema + oedema of hands and feet (->desquamation)
Adenopathy - usual cervical
Mucosal involvement - erythema, dryness esp of tongue
What’s this child got? Treatment and main complications?
Kawasaki disease - high dose aspirin, need echo for coronary artery aneurysm (+/- ECG for carditis)
What’s this child got? How can you tell?
Chicken pox - lesions of all stages at same time
What’s this child got? What causes it?
Impetigo - usually staph aureus or GAS
What’s this?
Molloscum contagiosum
What’s this likely to be?
Ringworm
What’s this? How can you tell?
Pityriasis rosea - herald patch followed by other little bits
Tonsilitis plus red sandpaper rash. Diagnosis?
Scarlet fever
What is the proper name for ringworm and what causes it? General management, when would you use oral?
Dermatophytosis - fungal skin infection
Management is with antifungal creams (clotrimazole, miconazole) - oral fluconazole if on scalp
What is this rash and distribution typical of?
Childhood eczema
